spirochetes Flashcards
(28 cards)
what is the unique morphological future of Spirochete
a. motility without flagella
b. corksrew motility
c. rotary movement
d. helically coiled
Spirochetes
- helically coiled and motile through Endoflagella / axial filamements
- UNIQUE MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURE : MOTILITY WITHOUT FLAGELLA because of endoflagella
- they exhibit corksrew like rotary movement
spirochetes do not stain well with what stain
a. gram stain
b. giemsa stain
c. both
spirochetes do not stain well with GRAM STAIN
what spp of Borrelia is agent of lousse - borne epidemic RELAPSING FEVER
a. Borrelia recurrentis
b. Borrelia burgdorferi
c. borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto
borrelia recurrentis
- relapsing fever
borrelia burgdorferi
- lyme disease or lyme borreliosis
what spp of borrelia is the only human pathogenic spp found in north america
a. Borrelia recurrentis
b. Borrelia burgdorferi
c. borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto
borrelia recurrentis
- relapsing fever
borrelia burgdorferi
- lyme disease or lyme borreliosis
borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto
- only human pathogenic spp
what culture media to be used in Borrelia recurrentis
a. human blood bilayer (HBT)
b. MAC
c. BSK II medium
d. mod. kelly medium
ans: c and d
culture media: BSKII medium or mod. kelly medium
most common anthropod borne disease in US
a. borrelia burgdorfer
b. borrelia recurrentis
c. leptospira interogans
d. erysipelothriz rhusiopathiae
borrelia burgdorferi – lyme disease
- most common anthropod borne disease in US
what is spp ECM / erythema chromium migrans belong
a. borrelia recurrentis
b. borrelia burgdorferi
c. leptospiera interrogans
d. treponema pallidum
Borrelia burgdorferi
- ECM : ERTHYEMA CHROMIUM MIGRANS : a red popular rash ( bulls eye rash) that spread into a larger lesion
what stages og infection in borrelia borgderferi is lyme disease
a. stage 1
b. stage 2
c. stage 3
stage of infection
stage 1 - EM rash
stage 2 - blood dissemination
stage 3 - LYME DISEASE
Gold standard in Lyme disease testing
a. widal’s test
b. western blot
c. weil’s felix test
Western blot
- borrelia
{screening test for borelia : elisa }
widal’s test
- salmonella
treponema is difficult to visualize with a bright field microscope but can be observed with __________
a. phase contrast microscope
b. dark field microscope
c. fluorescent microscope
DARK FIELD MICROSCOPE
treponema
borrelia - bright field
what is the reproduction of treponema
a. binary fission
b. multiple fission
c. both
d. nota
MULTIPLE FISSION - REPRODUCTION O FTREPONEMA
Borrelia - multiply by binary fission
how many hours treponema visible in whole blood or plasma
a. atleast 72 hours
b. 8 hours
c. 12 hours
d. 24 hours
it remains visible in whole blood or plasma for atleast 24 hours , which is POTENTIAL IMPORATNCE IN BLOOD TRANSFUSION
what spirochetes can stain in gram stain
a. leptospira
b. borrelia
c. treponema
d. aota
spirochetes DO NOT STAIN WELL AT GRAM STAIN
Borrelia - stains well with GIEMSA
Leptospira - stains fainltywith ANILINE DYE
TREPONEMA - fail to stain or STAIN VERY POORLY WITH GRAM STAIN AND GIEMSA STAIN
what disease is also known as GREAT IMMITATOR
a. hiv
b. syphilis
c. diabetes
d. anemia
Syphilis ( French disease / Italian disease / The Great Pox )
- it is a disease of the BLOOD VESSELS and PERIVASCULAR AREAS
- it is also known as the GREAT IMMITATOR because it can copy and assume many clinical manifestation
what stages of syphilis ha sthe appearance of HUNTERIAN OR HARD CHANCRE
a. primary
b. secondary
c. tertiary
d. latrent
Primary syphilis
- it is characterized by the appearance of HUNTARIAN OR HARD CHANCRE. which is infectious primary lession that is painless and usually seen at the site of innoculation (most commonly is in genitalia)
- it develops at 10 to 90 days after infection
- no systmeic signs and symptoms
SOFT chancre - haemophilus ducreyi
what stage of syphilis is highly infectious
a. primary
b. secondary
c. tertiary
d. latrent
Secondary syphilis
- it develops 2 to 12 weeks after the appearance of chancre
- all lessions that are observed seein in this phase is highly infectious
what stage of syphilis has a diagnosis is done by serological test only
a. primary
b. secondary
c. tertiary
d. latrent
tertiary syphilis
- disease are already subclinical
- diagnosis can be made only by serologic test
what stains to be used in Treponema spp
a. gram stain
b. giemsa stain
c. Fontana tribondeau stains
d. levaditi’s stain
treponema
- most spp stains poorly at gram and giemsta stain
microscopy
stains used : Levaditi’s stain and Fontana tribondeau stain
what test is used for the detection of CONGENITAL SYPHILIS
a. rapid plasma reagin (RPR)
b. PCR
c. Western blot
d. venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL) test
western blot
- is used for the detection of CONGENITAL SYPHILIS
PCR
- used for NEUROSYPHILIS DETECTION (aids patients)
what test is used for neurosyphilis detection
a. rapid plasma reagin (RPR)
b. PCR
c. Western blot
d. venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL) te
western blot
- is used for the detection of CONGENITAL SYPHILIS
PCR
- used for NEUROSYPHILIS DETECTION (aids patients)
what test does not require the heating of the serum and not recommended for csf
a. rapid plasma reagin (RPR)
b. PCR
c. Western blot
d. venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL) test
RPR
- does NOT require HEATING of the serum
- not recommended for CSF
VDRL
- recommended for the diagnosis of neurosyphilis using CSF specimens
- it must be FRESHLY PREPARED and the patient’s serum must be HEATED AT 56 DEGREE CELCIUS FOR 30 MINUTES
WHICH of the following is false positive in RPR AND VDRL test result
a. old age
b. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
c. rheumatic fever
d. infectious mononucleosis
cause of FALSE POSITIVE RPR AND VDRL TEST
- old age
- pregnancy
- hepatitis
- rheumatic fever
- SLE
- IM
which of the following antibodies in treponema pallidum is used to monitor the treatment of the syphilis
a. treponemal test
b. non treponemal test
non treponemal test / non specific test - Screening test
- it is used to MONITOR THETREATMENT of the syphilis
Treponemal test / Specific test - Confirmatory test
which of the following has a causative agent of venereal syphilis
a. treponema pallidum subsp pallidum
b. treponema pallidum subs pertenue
c. treponema pallidum subsp endemicum
d. treponema pallidum subsp carateum
treponema pallidum subsp pallidum
- C.A : venereal syphilis
