sport management and history Flashcards
(36 cards)
why is sports management a good field
market has not yet plateaued, has inc post-COVID
superbowl ads: 22% viewers tune in just to watch commercials…high value/prestige assoc w having commercial
- $500 mil revenue from superbowl ads
olympics TOP program
exclusive official partners/sponsors of olympics
i.e. coca cola, visa, toyota
high ROI, global stage, ADS THAT CAN’T BE SKIPPED i.e. jerseys, stadiums
how is the sport industry unique
- emot connection
- symbolic sig
- multiple organized outcomes: i.e. concern w money vs fans
- competition and cooperation: competition is key to a successful league, salary caps, etc.
- sport product: INCONSISTENT outcomes vs material products which need consistency
- loyalty
- vicarious identification: try to ID w faves
- optimism: fans unrealistically optimistic abt success
- tradition: sport management is BEHIND other businesses
- scarcity: game schedule is fixed, can inc prices but limited money making opps
globalization of sport
unprecedented access and coverage of sport, can keep up w global sport i.e. olympics
crowded marketplace…must understand global environ to inc pop of niche overseas sports
canadian gov funds high perf athletes and promotes international sports comp
- healthy nation –> dec healthcare expenses –> inc pride/unity
sport industry model outline
public sector
non-profit sector
professional sector
the sectors interact i.e. public sector supports athletes entering pro sector…equip from pro sector
public sectory
funded by public/tax dollars
NSOs
PSOs i.e. soccer ont
reg and local gov
sport policy: rules/regs surrounding sport
funding other sectors i.e. build stadiums
non-profit sector
create opps for sport
community based clubs
governing associations
international sport orgs
professional sport
pro leagues and teams
sport apparel, equipment manufacturers
media companies
stadia operators
BIRGing vs CORFing
BIRGing: basking in reflected glory, when team does well
CORFing: cutting off reflective failure…disconnect from team when do poorly
features of the sport product
intangible, experiential, subjective
emotional i.e. personal ID w team
simultaneously produced and consumed: live
CONSUMERS ARE PRODUCERS bcs they make the experience
must take advantage of availability and scarcity
inconsistency is an appeal and a challenge
- managers make trades, decisions outside the marketer’s hands
social facilitation
central role of central facilitation i.e. less than 4% ppl buy single ticket
sport structure overall
international federation
national sport organizations
provincial/territorial sport organizations
community sport clubs
international federations
international body overlooking a sport
HQ in switzerland bcs political neutrality
- tax exemptions
- stable country
- geographically central
- inc collaboration
- private arbitration: resolves issues outside of court, private
IFs make rules around sport, punishments
ensure worldwide dev and give countries international competition
enforce WADA regs
responsible for technical aspects of sport at olympics i.e. equipment testing
national sport organization/NSO
i.e. soccer canada
manage high performance programs
select/manage national teams
professional dev of coaches, officials w/in sport
make bids for international competition in canada
links IFs and members/PTSOs
PTSOs
prov/territorial sport org
NOT FOR PROFIT…in ontario, recog by ministry of heritage, sport, tourism, and cultural identities
primary function to dev athletes, coaches, officials
pathway for athlete dev, select prov teams and hold championships
operate w/in NSOs
community sport club
main responsibility is program delivery
recruit/train volunteers, hire coaches
manage registration fees for funding
marketing
establish board of directors
dev/monitor policies aligning w PSO
how are NSOs funded
- sport canada: branch of canadian heritage dep
- AAP/athlete assistance program: monthly allowance for athletes, card lvl dependent
- SSP/sport support program: gives fundings to NSOs
- SFAF/sport funding accountability framework: w/in SSP, determines funding allocation to sports w greatest change of winning internationally
- hosting program: gives money to NSOs if they bid to host international comp - own the podium
- private: corporate partners, donors, B2Ten (IDs and funds athlets)
how are PTSOs funded
OASF/ontario amateur sport funding: send reports of athlete numbers, plan, successes to determine funding
quest for gold funding
ontario’s high performance sport initiative: centres that give advanced training
ontario’s sport hosting program
board governance
volunteers elected by members
focused on org strat, fiscal responsibility, and issue management
play crti role in how sport orgs function from grassroots to int sport orgs
dec women on boards, trying to inc opps
multi-level governance
diff lvls of gov contribute in hosting sport
- all take on diff roles
- unclear who’s in charge
collaboration at prov and federal lvl
structure and gov of sport is multi-layered, complex system
CAS
court of arbitration for sport
go to when there’s a dispute
IPC
international paralympic committee
SDRCC
sport dispute resolution centre of canada
bill C-131
act to encourage fitness and amateur sport, 1961
enacted by PM john diefenbaker
grants to provincial governments to implement fitness programs and inc interational success
- in resp to poor int perf
