Sport Psychology

Question 1

What is feedback?

Answer 1

information a performer receives about their performance
either from a coach, teacher or internally…

Question 2

2 types of feedback?

Answer 2

intrinsic
extrinsic

Question 3

what is intrinsic feedback?

Answer 3

.feedback you feel internally
.kinaesthetic feeling
.mainly for elite performers

Question 4

what is extrinsic feedback?

Answer 4

.feedback you receive from others (verbal/ scorecard)
.important for beginners so they know if its correct.

Question 5

what does positive feedback tell you?

Answer 5

what’s correct about the movement
helps you gain knowledge
motivates the performer

Question 6

what does negative feedback tell you?

Answer 6

what’s incorrect about the movement
helps address errors
improvers performers

elite performers are more accepting of neg feedback

Question 7

What is knowledge of results?

Answer 7

EXTRINSIC
What is the outcome?
score a goal in football

for beginners

Question 8

What is knowledge of performance?

Answer 8

INTRINSIC
did you use correct movement/ technique?
technique of football shot

for elite performers

Question 9

types of guidance

Answer 9

visual
verbal
mechanical
manual

Question 10

what is manual guidance?

Answer 10

physical guidance by coach
directing leg in gymnastics

Question 11

advantages of manual guidance

Answer 11

.beginners feel safe
.understand how it should feel

Question 12

disadvantages of manual guidance?

Answer 12

.beginners become to reliant
.difficult to do with large groups of people

Question 13

what is mechanical guidance?

Answer 13

guidance using sport equipment
harness on trampolining

Question 14

advantages for mechanical guidance?

Answer 14

.beginners feel safe
.helps to start teaching complex skills

Question 15

disadvantages of mechanical guidance?

Answer 15

.too reliant - unable to perform without equipment
.difficult to do in large groups

Question 16

What is verbal guidance?
what do beginners need it to be?

Answer 16

being told what to do
instructions - on your marks, set, go

clear and concise

Question 17

advantages of visual guidance

Answer 17

.can be combined with other types of guidance
.helpful for elite performers who understand technical language

Question 18

advantages of visual guidance?

Answer 18

.works well for beginners
.good to be shown step by step

Question 18

disadvantages of visual guidance?

Answer 18

.can’t always explain it to a level performers understand

Question 19

what is visual guidance?
what do beginners need it to be?

Answer 19

being shown what to do
demonstration by coach

clear and concise, realistic standards

Question 20

What is the information processing model

Answer 20

input → decision making → output → feedback

Question 20

disadvantages of visual guidance?

Answer 20

.can’t teach complex skills vey easily, hard to copy

Question 21

what is input (processing model)?

Answer 21

.receive info from environment (see, hear)
.relevance, listen to important info only
SELECTIVE ATTENTION

Question 22

what is output (processing model)?

Answer 22

.decision is made
.muscles notified to carry out action by the brain

Question 22

what is decision making (processing model)?

Answer 22

.selected info from STM to compare to your LTM .SELECT APPROPRIATE RESPONSE to whatever your doing in sport

Question 23

what is feedback (processing model)?

Answer 23

extrinsic (result) or intrinsic (how it felt kinaesthetically) feedback helps you to improve

Question 24

When taking a penalty in football how would you use the processing model?

Answer 24

Input - environment, position of goal keeper, selective attention, ignore crowd Decision making - decide best way to shoot based on previous practise at penalties Output - brain sends message to muscles to tell them where to aim the shot, how powerfully to kick it Feedback - extrinsic, whether you scored or not intrinsic - how it felt, know what to do different next time

Question 25

What is arousal?

Answer 25

a physical and mental state of alertness varying form intense excitement to deep sleep

Question 26

What does the inverted U - theory show?

Answer 26

if your under or over aroused your performance decreases optimal arousal is when your performance is best

Question 27

what does the double linked u- theory show?

Answer 27

for fine movements (snooker) optimal arousal is lower than gross movements (rugby) because it requires more concentration to get a steady hand and increase accuracy. rugby more aroused to gain power in tackles

Question 28

4 ways to control arousal levels?

Answer 28

visualisation imagery deep-breathing positive self talk

Question 29

what is visualisation (arousal)?

Answer 29

picturing yourself in a relaxing space

Question 30

What is imagery (arousal)?

Answer 30

picturing yourself performing it perfectly

Question 31

what is deep - breathing (arousal)?

Answer 31

lower heart rate calms you down

Question 32

what is positive self talk (arousal)?

Answer 32

reassuring yourself - internally or out loud

Question 33

what is indirect aggression?

Answer 33

NO physical contact .taken out on an object to gain advantage within the rules .not intentional physical pain .mentally affects opponent .a smash shot in tennis

Question 33

what are the 2 types of aggression?

Answer 33

indirect direct

Question 34

what is direct aggression?

Answer 34

physical contact deliberately inflicting harm . boxing .rugby

Question 35

what are the 2 personality types?

Answer 35

introvert extrovert

Question 36

what is an introvert?

Answer 36

shy, quiet, prefer being alone individual sports fine skills, low arousal high concentration self motivated . snooker, archery

Question 37

What is an extrovert?

Answer 37

more outgoing, sociable bored when alone team sports face-paced skills gross movement low concentration higher arousal . football, rugby, hockey

Question 38

what are the 2 types of motivation?

Answer 38

intrinsic extrinsic

Question 39

what is extrinsic motivation?

Answer 39

motivation from outside of us .tangible rewards - physically achieved, trophy, certificate .intangible rewards -verbal, visual achieved praise, feedback, cheers

Question 40

What is intrinsic motivation?

Answer 40

motivation form within personal best doing it for pride/ self satisfaction

Question 41

whys it important to receive both types of motivation?

Answer 41

.become too reliant on extrinsic - clouded judgement on why you play, lose love of sport .intrinsic more likely to lead you to participation play for pride