skeleton Flashcards
1
Q
What are the 6 functions of the skeleton?
A
movement
protection
support
shape
blood cell production
mineral storage
2
Q
jaw (bone)
A
mandible
3
Q
What are the types of bones?
A
flat bone
irregular bone
long bone
short bone
4
Q
Skull (bone)?
A
cranium
5
Q
collar bone
A
clavicle
6
Q
shoulder (bone)
A
scapula
7
Q
breast bone
A
sternum
8
Q
rib cage
A
ribs
9
Q
spine
A
vertebral column (vertebrae)
10
Q
The 2 in your lower arm (bone)
A
radius and ulna
11
Q
hip (bone)
A
pelvis
11
Q
Top of your arm (bone)
A
humerus
12
Q
thigh bone
A
femur
13
Q
2 bones on calf
A
tibia and fibula
13
Q
knee bone
A
patella
14
Q
wrist bone
A
carpal
15
Q
hand bone
A
metacarpals
16
Q
finger and toes bone
A
phalanges
17
Q
ankle bone
A
talus
18
Q
foot bones x2
A
tarsal and metatarsal
19
Q
How does the skeleton move?
A
joints.
20
Q
What are bone to bone?
A
ligaments
21
Q
What are the types of movement? (6)
A
adduction
abduction
flexion
extension
circumduction
rotation
21
Q
what are muscle to bone?
A
tendons
22
Why is support good (skeleton)?
It helps you do certain things
without support you wouldn't be able to hold your weight to be able to do a handstand in gymnastics
23
What is an example of a bone protecting a vital organ?
In a rugby scrum your cranium protects your brain from being damaged.
23
What does shape determine?
height and build
24
if you have long light bones you are usually... (shape)
tall and thin
25
If you have short thick bones you are usually... (shape)
shorter and broad
25
Example of shape affecting a sport?
In weightlifting people with strong heavy bons are usually better at lifting compared to people with light bones as they don't have the weight behind them to lift up the weight.
26
what do red blood cells do?
carry oxygen to working muscles
26
Where are blood cells and platelets made?
bones
26
Where are most minerals stored?
give an example
bones
calcium and phosphorus
26
What are the 4 main functions of the spine?
.protect spinal chords
.support weight of the head, ribs and upper limbs
.transfer upper body weight to lower limbs through pelvis
.allows muscle attachment which lets the spine and limbs move
26
What do white blood cells do?
protect body from bacteria and infection
27
What do platelets do?
cause scabs to block a cut
28
What are the 5 main parts of the spine?
.cervical curved
.thoracic curve
.lumbar curve
.sacrum
.coccyx
29
What in between each vertebrae to allow for movement and prevent the bones grinding?
Cartilage
29
How many vertebrae's in the vertebral column
33
30
What is a joint?
a place where 2 or more bones meet
31
What are the 3 types of joints?
hinge joint
ball and socket joint
synovial joint
31
What is a synovial joint?
freely movable joints
32
Example of ball and socket joints?
what bones are they
shoulder
(humerus and scapula)
hip
(pelvis and femur)
33
Example of a hinge joint?
What bones do they include
knee
(femur, tibia)
elbow
(radius, ulna, humerus)
ankle
(talus, tibia, tarsals)
33
What is adduction?
move limb towards your body
after a star jump
after breaststroke
33
What are the types of movement at a ball and socket joint?
.extension
.flexion
.abduction
.adduction
.hyperextension
.circumduction
.rotation
34
What are the types of movement at a hinge joint?
flexion
extension
35
What is rotation?
turning s limb
backstroke (arms)
ballet
36
What is circumduction?
where you limb moves in a circular shape
.butterfly
cricket
serve in tennis
37
What is extension?
opening a joint
.boxing
.netball
37
What is flexion?
closing a joint
.before shooting a hoop
.football
38
What is abduction?
moving the limb away from your body
.goalkeeper
.cartwheel
39
What is a joint capsule?
outer sleeve that protects and holds the knee together
40
What is the synovial membrane?
secretes synovial fluid
41
What is synovial fluid?
a liquid which lubricates the joint so it can move freely
42
What is a bursa (plural bursae)?
small fluid filled pouch lined, provides a cushion between bones
43
What is cartilage?
a soft, spongy connective tissue
.stops bones rubbing together
.shock absoption
44
What are ligaments?
Attaches bone to bone to keep the joint stable
45
What are tendons?
very strong, inelastic connective tissues that allow a muscle to pull on a bone to move it
46
What is it when you point your toes?
plantarflexion
47
What is it when you put your toes towards your shin?
dorsiflexion
