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Diving > Sports Diver Lectures > Flashcards

Sports Diver Lectures Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the course content for SD.

A 
6 theory lessons
1 sheltered water lesson
5 open water lessons
1 dry practical lesson
Experience 5 different conditions
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2
Q

Who can SD dive with and what limitations?

A

OD - in conditions encountered by OD during training or under supervision from DM
SD - in conditions encountered previously
DL - under supervision of NQI
Can dive to 20m but can be progressively extended under NQI

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3
Q

Describe what a spring and a neap is.

A

Moon and Sun’s gravity pulls ocean towards them - bulge of high water
When both lined up -Spring
When at 90’ - Neap

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4
Q

How long is a tide cycle and how long is a lunar month?

A 
Cycle = 12 hours
Month = 28 days
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5
Q

What is the tidal range?

A

Difference between high and low water

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6
Q

What reduces visibility?

A 
Waves
Plankton blooms
Currents 
Seabed disturbed 
Depth - reduction in light penetration
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7
Q

What are the potential problems we need to risk assess?

A

Breathing gas eg loss, depletion
Conditions eg cold, separation
Depth eg DCI, narcosis
Equipment eg faulty, new

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8
Q

How many RB do you give at surface?

A

10 (for 1 minute)

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9
Q

How to land casualty on shore or boat?

A

Continue RB for a further 1 minute in water

De-kit and land asap without further RB

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10
Q

How to do BLS?

A

30 compressions then 2 rescue breaths if 1 rescuer
If 2, change role every 2 minutes
Press down 4-5cm at 100 times/min

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11
Q

How can we use a shot line to aid decompression?

A

Back up deco cylinder can be attached to line
Lazy shot line can be attached
Decompression trapeze

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12
Q

What are the types of SMBs?

A

SMB -permanent marker

DSMB - deployed from underwater to indicate ascent location

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13
Q

Describe structure of SMB - how much weight can the surface float support and how long must the line be?

A

Surface float - supports 10-20kg

Line length = 1.25 times dive depth

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14
Q

What are the types of DSMB?

A

Self inflating - simply to deploy, expensive
Open ended DSMB - compact, have to manually inflate
Self-sealing DSMB

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15
Q

Colours of DSMB

A

Orange/ red = normal

Yellow = emergency

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16
Q

What is Dalton’s Law?

A

In a mix of gases, total pressure = sum of partial pressures

17
Q

What is FO2?

A

Fraction of oxygen in mix
= %O2 divided by 100
eg FO2 of Nitrox 36 = 36/100 = 0.36

18
Q

What is max recommended pO2?

A

1.4 bar

19
Q

How do you work out MOD?

A

Max pO2 / mix

eg 1.4 / 0.32 = 4.38 bar = 33.8m

20
Q

What can narcosis increase the effect of?

A 
Anxiety
Alcohol or medication
Increased physical effort
Cold water
Poor vis 
Rapid descent
21
Q

What is hyperoxia and what bar do we get O2 toxicity?

A

Too much oxygen

Whole body oxygen toxicity when pO2 >0.5bar for long time OR CNS toxicity when pO2 >1.4bar for short periods

22
Q

Causes of CNS toxicity?

A

Failure to analyse mix/ mark cylinders

Poor dive planning

23
Q

S&S of CNS toxicity?

A

Visual/ auditory disturbances
Dizziness, nausea
Irritability
Twitching, convulsions

24
Q

Phases of CNS convulsions?

A

Tonic - do not lift - casualty becomes rigid and holds breath
Clonic - do not lift - casualty has convulsion
Relaxation phase - lift - relaxes and is unconscious

25
Q

How to prevent CNS toxicity?

A

Avoid high CO2 levels
Don’t over exercise
Breathe normally
Don’t exceed 1.4bar/ MOD

26
Q

How do we monitor O2 exposure?

A

O2 Toxicity Tables
CNS% should not exceed 80%
While at surface CNS% is reduced by half every 2 hours
Add outstanding CNS% to next dive

27
Q

What is a decompression stop dive?

A

Where tables indicate need for stop

Surface Code G

28
Q

What is a decompression stop?

A

Time spent at stop (9m or 6m)

29
Q

What is the advisable limit for decompression stops in 24 hours?

A

20 mins

30
Q

What is the average SAC?

A

25L/min

31
Q

How do you work out how much air you need for a dive?

A

25l/min x absolute pressure x time

32
Q

How do you work out cylinder capacity?

A

Size of cylinder x bar pressure

33
Q

What is the MOD for Nitrox 32 and 36?

A 
32 = 35m
36 = 30m
34
Q

What is a SCR?

A

Semi-closed Circuit Rebreather
Pre-selected gas mix
MOD determined by mix
Excess gas vented off

35
Q

What is a CCR?

A

2 cylinders, O2 and air

Electronically controlled

Diving (13 decks)

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