Sports Medicine Flashcards
(105 cards)
1
Q
The athletic trainer’s first responsibility is to teach the team cooperation.
TRUE
FALSE
A
False
2
Q
The science of human movement is called: A Kinesiology B Radiology C Biology D Athleticism
A
Kinesiology
3
Q
The responsibilities of an athletic trainer include:
A
Treating and preventing athletes’ injuries
B
Teaching the players the rules of the game
C
Performing surgery on injured athletes
D
Taking X-rays of athletic injuries
A
Treating and preventing athletes’ injuries
4
Q
Paralysis means:
A
The inability to move the body above a spinal injury
B
The inability to move the body below a spinal injury
C
The loss of ability to speak after an injury
D
The loss of feeling in the torso after an injury
A
The inability to move the body below a spinal injury
5
Q
The athletic trainer is: A A medical professional B In charge of helping players lose weight C Responsible for teaching the players about the rules of the game D Not trained to deal with sports injuries
A
A medical professional
6
Q
The danger in moving someone who may have spinal injuries is in causing: A Paralysis B TBI C Concussion D Heart attack
A
Paralysis
7
Q
Which of the following would not be included in the educational program for an athletic trainer?
A
A four-year college degree in athletic training
B
An internship with a college athletic team
C
A rotation in a dentist’s office
D
Classes in kinesiology
A
A rotation in a dentist’s office
8
Q
Which of these tasks are performed by a college’s athletic trainer? A Attend high school games to recruit players B Evaluate an injured athlete on the field C Take X-rays if an athlete is injured D Work with athletes to learn new plays
A
Evaluate an injured athlete on the field
9
Q
The athletic trainer is usually the first medical personnel to treat an injury on the field.
TRUE
FALSE
A
TRUE
10
Q
A ligament in the middle of the knee that prevents the tibia from sliding out in front of the femur, as well as provides rotational stability to the knee.
A
Anterior Cruciate Ligament
11
Q
A firm, elastic flexible type of connective tissue of a translucent whitish or yellowish color.
A
Cartilage
12
Q
A tear in the shock-absorbing cartilage of the knee.
A
Torn Meniscus
13
Q
A ligament in the back of the knee that keeps the shinbone from moving backwards too far.
A
Posterior Cruciate Ligament
14
Q
The pain that occurs at the front and center of the knee due to overuse.
A
Runner’s Knee
15
Q
A break, usually in a bone.
A
Fracture
16
Q
A separation of two bones where they meet at a joint.
A
Dislocation
17
Q
A ligament on the inside of your knee that controls the sideways motion of your knee and brace it against unusual movement.
A
Medial Collateral Ligament
18
Q
A minor traumatic brain injury that may occur when the head hits an object, or a moving object strikes the head.
A
Concussion
19
Q
A break in the cranial bones.
A
Skull Fracture
20
Q
The first thing an athletic trainer does when she comes to the aid of an injured athlete is: A Move the athlete off the field B Evaluate and assess the injury C Dial 911 to get emergency help D Roll the athlete from his back to front or front to back to check for spinal injuries
A
Evaluate and assess the injury
21
Q
An athletic trainer:
A
Does not have any medical training
B
Drives the ambulance to the hospital after an athlete is injured
C
Is usually the first person with medical training to respond to an injury on the field at a sporting event or practice
D
Can perform emergency surgery on broken bones
A
Is usually the first person with medical training to respond to an injury on the field at a sporting event or practice
22
Q
The team athletic trainer helps athletes recover from injuries.
TRUE
FALSE
A
TRUE
23
Q
In following RICE procedures, it’s important to:
A
Not apply ice longer than 20 minutes at one time
B
Discontinue RICE after 12 hours
C
Try using the injured area as soon as possible
D
Wrap a bandage loosely to prevent infection
A
Not apply ice longer than 20 minutes at one time
24
Q
With all athletic injuries, except for broken bones, it is important to put weight on the injured area or use it as normally as possible to help speed the healing process.
TRUE
FALSE
A
FALSE
25
Why does ice help when an athlete is injured?
A
The ice kills the nerve endings in the tissues near the injury and dulls the pain.
B
The ice increases blood flow to the injured area and speeds healing.
C
The ice reduces blood flow to the injured area to help reduce pain and muscle spasm.
D
The cold takes the injured athlete's attention away from the pain.
The ice reduces blood flow to the injured area to help reduce pain and muscle spasm.
26
```
Jake is a pitcher in minor league baseball. After one hard pitch, he realized he was injured. He had torn the ligament in his shoulder. This injury is a:
A
Abrasion
B
Dislocation
C
Sprain
D
Fracture
```
Sprain
27
```
In a sports injury, compression is used:
A
To stretch a muscle
B
To start the heart
C
To cut off the blood flow to the extremities
D
To prevent swelling
```
To prevent swelling
28
```
Ligaments:
A
Are the bones in the fingers
B
Connect muscle to bone
C
Hold the bones of a joint in place
D
Carry oxygen away from the lungs
```
Hold the bones of a joint in place
29
Which of the following statements about heart health is not true?
A
An EKG can help to diagnose a heart condition such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
B
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a disease that affects even healthy young athletes.
C
It is important to take warnings from your doctor seriously.
D
Healthy people are not at risk for heart disease, especially if they have never had any symptoms.
Healthy people are not at risk for heart disease, especially if they have never had any symptoms.
30
Heart disease does not affect people that are under the age of 35.
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
31
```
What is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
A
Too much growth in the heart muscles, or "large heart"
B
Sprained heart muscle
C
Heart disease caused by shock therapy
D
Heart attack caused by irregular heartbeat
```
Too much growth in the heart muscles, or "large heart"
32
```
When an electrical impulse causes the heart muscle to squeeze, it:
A
Causes a heart attack
B
Pumps blood out from the heart to bring oxygen to all of the other parts of the body
C
Causes a stroke
D
Relaxes the heart by shocking it
```
Pumps blood out from the heart to bring oxygen to all of the other parts of the body
33
An EKG (also referred to as an ECG) sends electrical impulses into the body to test the strength and health of the heart.
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
34
Your best choice for a heart-healthy meal is:
A
Fried chicken with mashed potatoes and cream gravy
B
Green salad with grilled chicken with olive oil dressing
C
Italian sausage sandwich on crisp, white bun
D
Fried chicken wings with creamy blue cheese dressing
Green salad with grilled chicken with olive oil dressing
35
Young athletes can be screened for heart defects.
TRUE
FALSE
TRUE
36
Only elderly people die of heart problems.
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
37
Which of these statements about the heart is true?
A
Most large athletes have hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
B
Athletes often have larger hearts than non-athletes.
C
Echocardiograms and electrocardiograms are basically the same test.
D
A small athlete cannot have an enlarged heart.
Athletes often have larger hearts than non-athletes.
38
A large heart is a sign of a serious heart condition.
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
39
Short, or petite, athletes do not have a risk for large hearts and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy due to the small size of their bodies.
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
40
```
Exercising and working muscles, as athletes do, causes:
A
Stroke
B
The muscles to grow and thicken
C
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
D
Heart attacks
```
The muscles to grow and thicken
41
As long as an athlete exercises daily, his food choices will not affect his health or performance.
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
42
```
Which of the following ways will not help prevent a heart condition from getting worse?
A
Minimize daily activities and exercise
B
Avoid cigarettes
C
Avoid drugs that are not prescribed by a doctor
D
Eat wisely
```
Minimize daily activities and exercise
43
Over half of student athletes require further testing after the echocardiograms test for heart defects.
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
44
There are many ways to prevent having a heart defect.
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
45
Which of the following is not true of an EKG?
A
An EKG helps a doctor measure the amount of electricity in each beat to determine the size and health of the heart.
B
It is a painful procedure that is performed in the hospital.
C
It is a painless procedure that is performed in a doctor's office.
D
An EKG can help a doctor detect an irregular heartbeat.
It is a painful procedure that is performed in the hospital.
46
```
An echocardiogram can help a medical professional determine if an athlete has a:
A
Concussion
B
Spinal injury
C
Heart defect
D
Hearing problem
```
Heart defect
47
Which of the following statements about heart problems is true?
A
It is impossible to detect heart defects with a medical screening.
B
Even young people can have heart defects.
C
Only weak and sick young people can die of heart problems.
D
Only elderly people die of heart problems.
Even young people can have heart defects.
48
It’s lunch time and you are starving. You need to grab something quick. Which of the following would the best choice for a heart-healthy meal?
A
Turkey sub sandwich on whole wheat bun with no mayo
B
Four-cheese pizza with mushrooms and pepperoni
C
Cheeseburger, French fries, vanilla milkshake
D
Green salad with fried chicken strips and creamy Ranch dressing
Turkey sub sandwich on whole wheat bun with no mayo
49
Buddy taping a broken toe means:
A
Allowing a friend to tape up an injured toe
B
Taping the injured toe to a non-injured toe to immobilize it for healing purposes
C
Securing the injured toe to a friend's toe for healing purposes
D
Allowing a friend to record a video of the broken toe
Taping the injured toe to a non-injured toe to immobilize it for healing purposes
50
If a broken bone is a clean break, it means:
A
The bone was broken in a clean environment
B
The broken portions are still lined up properly
C
The bone broke through the skin
D
There is no blood at the site of the injury
The broken portions are still lined up properly
51
```
An athlete has injured his wrist. You should start examining him:
A
On the arm, near the elbow
B
On the hand
C
On the bottom of the wrist
D
On the top of the wrist
```
On the arm, near the elbow
52
Teri is an example of:
A
A volleyball player who should have worked harder on building her hamstring strength
B
An athlete who should not play competitive sports
C
An athlete who suppresses pain during a competition
D
Someone who is not a team player
An athlete who suppresses pain during a competition
53
```
When an athlete has been injured, an athletic trainer palpates the area to:
A
Increase blood flow to the area
B
Massage the area to try to decrease pain
C
Decrease blood flow to the area
D
Gently feel for any fractured bones
```
Gently feel for any fractured bones
54
```
Sarah tripped during her tennis game and injured her wrist in the fall. The athletic trainer will start examining her:
A
On the hand
B
At her fingertips
C
On the arm, near the elbow
D
On top of the wrist
```
On the arm, near the elbow
55
Which of the following descriptions is true when evaluating an injury?
A
The proximal end is closest to the trunk of the body.
B
A proximal point on the leg is the foot.
C
The distal end is closest to the body.
D
A distal point on the arm is the shoulder.
The proximal end is closest to the trunk of the body.
56
In many sports where falling to the ground is necessary to play, the athletes learn and practice safe ways to fall in order to reduce the occurrence of injury.
TRUE
FALSE
TRUE
57
At a sporting event, the excitement of a game can cause a player to ignore or be unaware of the level of injury until the game is over.
TRUE
FALSE
TRUE
58
```
Nerve cells are called:
A
Distal cells
B
Proximal cells
C
Axons
D
Neurons
```
Neurons
59
Wallerian degeneration occurs when:
A
A nerve is crushed or torn in an injury or accident and the axon begins to die off
B
Nerves are damaged and the injured limb must be amputated
C
The nerves leading to the brain are damaged and the patient loses the ability to walk
D
An injury causes brain damage and the patient slowly loses his memory
A nerve is crushed or torn in an injury or accident and the axon begins to die off
60
```
Recall that a damaged nerve can re-grow at a rate of 1 millimeter per day. Also recall that a millimeter is 1/1000 of a meter and a centimeter is 1/100 of a meter. If an athlete has a damaged nerve in his arm that begins to heal, how long will it take if the muscle is 6 cm (centimeters) away?
A
6 days
B
100 days
C
60 days
D
600 days
```
60 days
61
```
Discoloration means:
A
There is swelling at the point of injury
B
There is a bone sticking through the skin
C
The skin looks normal
D
The skin is not the right color
```
The skin is not the right color
62
Which of the following statements about sports injuries is true?
A
An athletic trainer is trained to evaluate sports injuries.
B
If a joint is swollen, it means the bones are broken.
C
The team athletic trainer makes the final diagnosis at the moment of evaluation.
D
An athletic trainer will perform X-rays immediately on the scene of an accident.
An athletic trainer is trained to evaluate sports injuries.
63
An orthopedic surgeon:
A
Works exclusively with athletes
B
Specializes in repairing the musculoskeletal system
C
Specializes in repairing injuries to the feet
D
Specializes in repairing injuries to the brain and skull
Specializes in repairing the musculoskeletal system
64
```
An ACL injury is a:
A
Tear in the ligament between the tibia and fibula
B
Tear in the ligament between the tibia and femur
C
Break in the patella bone in the knee
D
Break in the femur in the thigh
```
Tear in the ligament between the tibia and femur
65
```
Peripheral nerves are located:
A
Close to the spine
B
In the ribcage
C
In the eyes
D
In the arms and legs
```
In the arms and legs
66
ACL reconstruction is a surgery that requires the patient to stay in the hospital for three days.
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
67
```
Janice is a gymnast. She wants to reduce her risk of an ACL injury in her knee. She should:
A
Stretch her muscles before each practice
B
Strengthen her hamstrings and quadriceps
C
Strengthen her tibia and fibula
D
Apply heat to her muscles after each practice
```
Strengthen her hamstrings and quadriceps
68
Because ACL surgery is an outpatient procedure, a patient can return to normal activities and sports practices within a week after the surgery.
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
69
If the nerve cell body located in the spinal cord or brain has not been damaged in the injury, the nerve cells can regenerate and heal on their own.
TRUE
FALSE
TRUE
70
```
Who has the lowest risk of spine injuries?
A
Figure skater
B
Woman walking
C
Ice hockey player
D
Skate boarder
```
Woman walking
71
If an athlete suffers a possible spinal injury, it is important to:
A
Tilt the head back and feel around for broken bones in the neck
B
Keep the neck and spine as still as possible
C
Monitor his or her heart rate
D
Encourage head rolls and other movement to prevent stiffness
Keep the neck and spine as still as possible
72
```
When a patient has a possible spine injury, it is critical to:
A
Pull the head back to check breathing
B
Check the patient’s pulse
C
Get medical treatment immediately
D
Not move the arms or legs
```
Get medical treatment immediately
73
A spine board:
A
Is a flexible board that is made to encourage movement in the spine
B
Is used for recreational purposes on a beach
C
Is only used in spinal surgeries
D
Is designed to support a person who has a suspected head, neck, or spinal injury
Is designed to support a person who has a suspected head, neck, or spinal injury
74
The X-ray is the preferred technology for capturing images of the brain.
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
75
```
The danger in moving someone who may have spinal injuries is in causing:
A
Paralysis
B
Heart attack
C
Concussion
D
TBI
```
Paralysis
76
A group of mountain climbers is making its way up a cliff. Suddenly, one person falls. He lands on his back. His friends realize he is conscious. What should they do next?
A
Keep his helmet on to prevent swelling
B
Try to move him around to keep the circulation going
C
Get him up to prevent him from becoming fearful of climbing
D
Keep him still and call for medical help immediately
Keep him still and call for medical help immediately
77
```
The best test to use to determine if a patient has broken bones is:
A
A blood test
B
A white blood cell count
C
A visual examination
D
An X-ray
```
An X-ray
78
```
Which device is BEST to obtain images of soft tissues in a patient’s body?
A
MRI
B
X-ray
C
Open surgical exploration
D
Photography
```
MRI
79
```
The following activities have the most common occurrences of spinal injury, except:
A
Diving
B
Motorcycle riding
C
Knitting
D
Football
```
Knitting
80
Internal organs and tissues show up best on X-rays.
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
81
```
When a patient has a possible spine injury, after immobilizing their head, neck and back, you should:
A
Get medical evaluation immediately
B
Check the patient’s pulse
C
Pull the head back to check breathing
D
Test their reflexes
```
Get medical evaluation immediately
82
```
The dangers of using anabolic steroids include:
A
Increased hair growth
B
Sleepiness
C
Weak muscles
D
Infertility or the inability to produce children
```
Infertility or the inability to produce children
83
```
Hormones are:
A
Powerful chemicals in the body
B
Antibiotics given to people with ear infections
C
Only used in reproduction
D
Injected into people who travel overseas
```
Powerful chemicals in the body
84
```
Which of the following would not be caused by steroid use?
A
Thyroid problems
B
Acne
C
Drowsiness
D
Hair loss
```
Drowsiness
85
In all levels of sports, whether it is professional, collegiate, or high school, the punishment for a failed drug test is very minimal.
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
86
In the realm of professional sports, several great athletes have been suspected of taking steroids. Which of the following statements are not true?
A
They are less likely to be elected to the Hall of Fame.
B
The legacy of talent and skill is unquestioned, even with the drug use.
C
They have harmed their health.
D
All of their records and quality performances come into question.
The legacy of talent and skill is unquestioned, even with the drug use.
87
```
One cup is equal to:
A
16 tablespoons
B
16 teaspoons
C
10 tablespoons
D
6 tablespoons
```
16 tablespoons
88
It is unnecessary to follow dosing directions on food or supplements bought in a health food store.
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
89
In high school sports, physical maturity plays a role in how an athlete performs on the field.
TRUE
FALSE
TRUE
90
Physical, or size, limitations can affect an athlete's performance in sports.
TRUE
FALSE
TRUE
91
All substances sold in health food stores, even when ingested at high amounts, are legal for use by student athletes.
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
92
High school athletes are allowed to take banned substances because they are not getting paid to play the sports.
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
93
Athletes must use illegal substances to compete at a higher level.
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
94
Which of the following statements about anabolic steroids is true?
A
Anabolic steroids mimic chemicals in the body called antibodies.
B
Anabolic steroids are a healthy addition to a balanced diet.
C
Anabolic steroids build muscles and make bones denser.
D
Anabolic steroids make muscles weaker.
Anabolic steroids build muscles and make bones denser.
95
```
In the body, anabolic steroids mimic the effect of:
A
Oxygen
B
Metabolism
C
Hormones
D
Protein
```
Hormones
96
```
Which of the following is not a factor in an athlete's performance in sports?
A
How hard he works in the weight room
B
How hard he works in practice
C
How fast he matures
D
His music preference
```
His music preference
97
Jackie was riding her bicycle on the hike and bike trail. A dog darted in front of her unexpectedly, she swerved and braked quickly. The sudden action threw her over the front of the bike and onto the hard trail. Immediately after impact, she was fully awake but her whole body ached. Even though she was wearing a helmet, her head was hurting. Several people on the trail saw her fall. What should they do next?
A
Help her get back on her bike
B
Keep her still and call for medical help
C
Try to move around to keep the circulation going
D
Keep her helmet on to prevent brain swelling
Keep her still and call for medical help
98
```
A concussion is:
A
A temporary injury to the brain
B
Another term for a broken toe
C
A large bruise on the arm
D
A bone that breaks through the skin in an accident
```
A temporary injury to the brain
99
```
Symptoms of a concussion include all of the following except:
A
Hyperactivity
B
Vomiting
C
Double vision
D
Memory loss
```
Hyperactivity
100
Which statement about head injuries is not true?
A
Many states and athletic associations are developing new laws that help to protect young athletes from repeated concussions and long term damage to their brains.
B
A number of ex-football players have experienced early-onset dementia.
C
The cumulative effect of many concussions over time can be devastating to the brain.
D
As long as the concussions are mild, it doesn't matter how many an athlete has over a long career.
As long as the concussions are mild, it doesn't matter how many an athlete has over a long career.
101
It is not important to take a blow to the head seriously.
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
102
```
One of the causes of brain deterioration in young athletes is:
A
Multiple concussions over time
B
Failure to get an EKG
C
Failure to use a spine board
D
Inherited defect
```
Multiple concussions over time
103
As soon as someone with a suspected head injury regains consciousness, it is important to get them up and moving around.
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
104
Which of the following would be least likely to cause a brain injury?
A
A powerful sneeze
B
The head hits a hard object, like the ground
C
Something hard hits the head, like a fast pitch in baseball
D
The brain is jostled against the skull in an accident or collision
A powerful sneeze
105
During a football game, the quarterback, Nick, was knocked to the ground. He blacked out for a few minutes. What should the coach do?
A
Keep Nick still and call for medical help immediately
B
Get Nick back on his feet so that he doesn’t become fearful of difficult plays
C
Get Nick up in order to move around to keep the circulation going
D
Keep Nick’s helmet on to prevent swelling
Keep Nick still and call for medical help immediately
