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Patho 2 > ST And Bone Healing > Flashcards

ST And Bone Healing Flashcards

(54 cards)

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1
Q

What are the 4 stages of healing?

A

1) Hemostasis & degradation
2) inflammation
3) Proliferation
4) Maturation

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2
Q

What is hemostatic response?

A

Sealing off of blood vessels causing clot to form.

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3
Q

What do growth factors do (GF)?

A

Summon inflammatory cells to tissue

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4
Q

Severely damaged cells

A

Necrosis

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5
Q

Coordinated reaction of body tissue to cell injury

A

Inflammation phase (days 1-6)

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6
Q

Inflammation phase includes

A
  • vascular response
  • humoral response
  • neuro response
  • cellular response
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7
Q

What happens in vascular response

A

1) vasodilation from chemical mediators (histamine)
2) fluid migration -> edema
3) Hemoconcentration
4) WBC accumulation

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8
Q

^ viscosity slows blood flow

A

Hemoconcentration

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9
Q

Complement system activated via antibody-antigen association

A

Humoral response

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10
Q

What happens in complement system

A

1) ^ vascular permeability
2) Stimulate phagocytosis
3) Act as chemostatic stimuli

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11
Q

Kills and removes injurious agent

A

Cellular response

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12
Q

Activate inflammatory mediators

A

T lymphocytes

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13
Q

Plasma cells that produce antibodies to bacteria to prepare for phagocytosis

A

B cells

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14
Q

Engulf dead cells

A

Macrophages

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15
Q

Phase of healing days 3-20

A

Proliferation

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16
Q

4 processes in proliferation phase

A

1) neovascularization
2) epithelialization
3) collagen production
4) Wound contraction

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17
Q

Presence of macrophages stimulate release of GF

A

Neovascularization

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18
Q

Secrete proteins to reconstitute ecm and provide framework

A

Fibroblast

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19
Q

Covers wound surface

A

Epithelialization

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20
Q

Epitheliazation provide protective barrier to

A
  • prevent fluid/electrolyte loss

- decrease risk of infection

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21
Q

Creat collagen

A

Fibroblast

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22
Q

Collagen Timeline

Study These Flashcards
A

Day 7- amt of collagen significant
Day 12- types 3-type 1
Day 21- Max collagen produced
6 weeks- 80% strength

23
Q

Maturation phase (day9-) includes

Study These Flashcards
A

Collagen synthesis
Collagen orientation
And healing injury

24
Q

If lung basement membrane not intact, results in ____

25
Gut cells reproduce _____ to _____
Proximal to distal
26
Rewiring of healthy functional neurons
Neuroplasticity
27
Peripheral nerve wallerian degeneration occurs
Distal to injury
28
In muscle if endomysium is not intact ->>
Necrosis
29
Gradual re-mobilization after pain and swelling subside:
Rehab for muscle strains
30
What does rehab for muscle strains do.
- increase fiber regeneration - improve fiber orientation - decrease scarring
31
When does gentle gradual loading occur for tendons
Week 2-16 (wtf)
32
Occurs when synovium is injured
Tendon adhesion
33
Caused by repetitive trauma/excessive loading
Tendinopathy
34
Protected rest for sutured tendons is
3-5 days
35
Gentle PROM for sutured tendons is______ For what
5-28 days To prevent contracture/reduce adhesion
36
AAROM for sutured tendon
Week 4-8
37
Tearing of synovium in ligaments limits
Hematoma formation and localization of GF
38
In ligaments if _____ is released it limits healing
Matrix metalloproteinase
39
Types of cartilage
Articular Fibrocartilage Fibroblast-elastic
40
Meniscus healing occurs via
Chondrocyte migration
41
Cycle of chronic injury and healing with immobilization leads to ____ b/w synovium and articular cartilage
Adhesions
42
Types of fractures
- Complete vs incomplete (green stick) - Transverse - oblique/spiral - comminuted (>2 fragments) - segmental
43
fracture healing: inflammation with pain swelling and heat
Phase 1
44
Fracture healing: repair phase, soft>hard callus, 6-12 weeks
Phase 2
45
Fracture healing: remodeling phase,
Phase 3
46
Stages of fracture healing and meaning
1: impact 2) inflammation 3) Soft callus 4) hard callus 5) Remodeling
47
Clear necrotic bone
Osteoclasts
48
Fraction healing occurring in expected time frame with unsatisfactory alignment
Mall ion
49
Fracture healed beyond expected time fram
Delayed union
50
Failure of fracture healing
Nonunion
51
Glucocorticoids regulate
T cell B cell NK cell And Macrophage Fx.
52
Mediates vascular response via Sympathetic nervous system
Hypothalamus
53
Which cranial nerves can regenerate
3,4,5,7
54
Surgical IV of fracture
Bone graft Internal and external fixation Traction Reduction

Patho 2 (14 decks)

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