Statistics Flashcards
confounding factors
交絡因子(こうらく)
selection (When participants or samples are not randomly selected, it can lead to a biased representation of the population being studied. This can affect the generalizability of the findings.)/confirmation ( Researchers may have preconceived notions or expectations about the outcome of a study, leading them to selectively look for or interpret data that supports their beliefs while ignoring contradictory evidence.)/reporting (Researchers may selectively report or emphasize certain findings while downplaying or omitting others, skewing the overall interpretation of the results.)/recall (参加者の回想や自己報告に依存する研究では、個人の記憶に不完全性やバイアスがあり、データの収集に誤りが生じる場合があります。)/sampling (When the sample used in a study is not representative of the target population, the results may not be applicable or generalizable to the larger population.)/funding (Studies funded by specific organizations or industries may be influenced by their agendas or interests, potentially leading to biased results or interpretations.)/publication (Journals may have a preference for publishing certain types of studies or outcomes, leading to an underrepresentation of other types of research.) bias
選択・確証・報告・想起(思い出し、リコール)・サンプリング・資金提供・出版バイアス
case/control
疾患(ケース)・対照群(コントロール)
external factor
外的因子
dependent/independent variable
従属・独立変数
matched pair analysis (control and comparison group )…A form of analysis where each of the subjects in a study (experimental) group is paired with each of those in a comparison (control) group on the basis of matching factor(s) (e.g. age, sex, etc.).
マッチドペア分析
descriptive analysis
記述的分析…大規模な生データを 集計・分析することで、過去に何が起きたのかを探り、その結果をグラフ(折れ線/円/棒グラフ)や表などに落とし込んで 可視化する分析手法です。
discrepancy
不一致
eligibility criteria
適格基準
reliability
信頼性
significant difference
有意差
randomized controlled trial
無作為(ランダム)化比較試験
placebo group
プラセボ群
intervention group
介入群
inequity
不公平
incidence/prevalence
発生率・有病率
environment
周囲・環境
sampling
標本抽出(サンプリング)
population (in a research context. e.g. the sampling method does not accurately reflect the general population due to sampling bias)
母集団。。。本来知りたいと思っている集団全体のことを「母集団」といいます。ここでは「日本に住む女性全員」が母集団です。一方、母集団の情報を推測するために選ばれた一部の集団のことを「標本」といいます。
superior/inferior, superiority/inferiority1
優れた・劣った, 優位性・劣性
disparity
格差
disproportionate
不均衡
burden
負担
exposure
暴露