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SP300 > STATS 1 > Flashcards

STATS 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are nominal variables?

A

Categorical information (form of frequency counts)

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2
Q

What are ordinal variables?

A

Ranked information (does not tell us how much the ranks differ!)

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3
Q

What are interval scales?

A

Continuous variables - no zero point!

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4
Q

What are ratio scales?

A

Continuous variables - fixed zero point!

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5
Q

What are measures of central tendency and measures of dispersion examples of?

A

Descriptive Statistics

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6
Q

What are mean, median, and mode examples of?

A

Measures of central tendency (descriptive stats)

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7
Q

What are range and variance examples of?

A

Measures of dispersion (descriptive stats)

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8
Q

What is variance?

A

The average amount that each case in the sample differs from the mean (variance is not standardised!)

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9
Q

What is standard deviation?

A

The square root of variance. Expressed in original units of measurement.

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10
Q

What are z-scores?

A

Scores transformed to be expressed as number of standard deviations from the mean. - allow us to compare SDs of variables across different scales!

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11
Q

What is the mean and SD of z-scores?

A

All z-scores will have a mean of 0, and a SD of 1

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12
Q

On a normal distribution, what can z-scores tell us about significance?

A

Z-score above +/- 1.645 means score falls at extreme 5% of distribution

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13
Q

What is covariance?

A

Tells us how much two variables change together (in units measured). Needed to calculate correlation coefficient

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14
Q

How is Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient calculated?

A

r= (cov xy)/(sd x sd y)

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15
Q

What are the effect sizes for Pearson Correlation Coefficient?

A
  1. 10 = Small Effect
  2. 30 = Medium Effect
  3. 50 = Large Effect
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16
Q

What is the coefficient of determination?

A

Square Pearson’s r - tells us the proportion of variance that the two variables actually share

17
Q

What is Spearman’s RHO?

A

Used for ordinal and non-parametric data

18
Q

Mean, median, mode, range, variance, and standard deviation are all what?

A

Descriptive statistics

19
Q

What are inferential statistics and what do they allow us to do?

A

E.g. correlation, t-test, anova. Allow us to draw conclusions beyond our data set.

20
Q

DON’T FORGET TO DRAW FORMULAS FOR VARIANCE, STANDARD DEV, Z-SCORES, COVARIANCE, CORRELATION COEFFICIENT

A

DON’T FORGET TO DRAW FORMULAS FOR VARIANCE, STANDARD DEV, Z-SCORES, COVARIANCE, CORRELATION COEFFICIENT

SP300 (8 decks)

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