Stems

Question 1

Where does the stems originate?

Answer 1

Epicotyl

Question 2

Epicotyl is the continuation of ____

Answer 2

Hypocotyl

Question 3

Give the at least 3 functions of Stem

Answer 3

• Produces & support appendages
  of plant (leaves, flowers, fruits)
• transport water and solutes
  between roots and leaves.
• Stems in some plants are
  photosynthetic.
• Produce & store materials
  necessary for life (e.g., water,
  starch, sugar).
• In some plants, stems have
  become adapted for specialized
  functions.

Question 4

The stem does photosynthesis and stores water. True or False?

Answer 4

True

Question 5

The stem supports a display of flowers. True or false?

Answer 5

True

Question 6

Stems support a display of
leaves. True or false?

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Stems support a display of
leaves. True or false?

Answer 7

True

Question 8

Stems orient the leaves
toward the light with maximum
overlap among the leaves. True or False?

Answer 8

False. Minimal overlap.

Question 9

The area or region where leaves are attached

Answer 9

Node

Question 10

the area or region between nodes

Answer 10

Internode

Question 11

occurs in the angle between the petiole & the stem

Answer 11

Bud

Question 12

scars that mark the location of the water-
conducting tissues located within the leaf scars

Answer 12

Bundle Scars

Question 13

dark spots or elevations that allow gas exchange in the
stem

Answer 13

Lenticels

Question 14

refers to the
suppression of growth by hormones
produced in the apical meristem.

Answer 14

Apical dominance

Question 15

The study of the growth rings in wood

Answer 15

Dendrochronology

Question 16

fleshy
horizontal stems that
grow below the
ground with
adventitious roots

For asexual
reproduction &food
storage

Answer 16

Rhizomes

Question 17

horizontal stem
that grow underground
(subterranean) with long
internodes

Answer 17

Stolons

Question 18

resemble stolon
but sub-aerial
* For asexual reproduction

Answer 18

Runners

Question 19

swollen
regions of stems
(stolon) that store
food for subsequent
growth

Answer 19

Tubers

Question 20

What are the “eyes” of the potato actually are?

Answer 20

Nodes

Question 21

window, reduce water loss

Answer 21

Epidermis

Question 22

extensible support

Answer 22

Cortex Collenchyma

Question 23

ground tissue for photosynthesis

Answer 23

Cortex parenchyma

Question 24

For rigid support

Answer 24

Fibers

Question 25

conduct sugars etc. away from leaf to rest of plant

Answer 25

Functional Phloem

Question 26

adds 2° xylem and 2° phloem

Answer 26

Vascular Cambium

Question 27

conduct water and minerals up from soil

Answer 27

Xylem

Question 28

Water storage and defense

Answer 28

Pith

Question 29

Remnants of the procambium

Answer 29

Intrafasicular cambium Interfasicular cambium

Question 30

Like runners, originates in the axil of a leaf as a short, more or less thickened horizontal branch  Elongates to a certain extent & produces at the apex a tuft of leaves & a cluster of small roots below  For asexual reproduction

Answer 30

Offset

Question 31

resemble bulbs but composed entirely of stem tissue surrounded by a few papery scale like leaves, food storage organs with adventitious roots at the base of corms

Answer 31

Corms

Question 32

large buds with a small stem at the lower end surrounded by numerous fleshy leaves that store nutrients; adventitious roots at base

Answer 32

Bulbs

Question 33

Like stolon, a lateral branch developing from the underground part of a stem Grows upward & gives rise to a leafy shoot or a new plant

Answer 33

Sucker

Question 34

for protection from grazing animals

Answer 34

Thorns

Question 35

Succulent stems – flat, stout fleshy stems that are modified for water and food storage

Answer 35

Phylloclade

Question 36

powered by transpiration* of water from the leaves

Answer 36

Root pressure

Question 37

water is pulled up from the roots due to adhesion of water to the xylem walls & tension generated by the water-potential gradient bet. leaves & xylem

Answer 37

Transpiration pull and water cohesion

Question 38

Transport of organic substances like sugar takes place in the phloem

Answer 38

Translocation

Question 39

nutrient-rich fluid in the phloem moves from areas of high solute concentration & water pressure to areas of low solute concentration & water pressure

Answer 39

Conduction of Materials by Phloem