stimulants

Question 1

sympathomimetic drugs

Answer 1

increase sympathetic nervous system activity

Question 2

sympathetic effects

Answer 2

• relaxed airway
• inc heart rate
• pupil dilation
• inhibited digestion
• psychosis
• alterness

Question 3

amphetamines

Answer 3

Class of psychostimulant drugs that share a similar structure
- L and D isomers
- Benzedrine
- for ADHD

Question 4

methamphetamine

Answer 4

synthesized from ephedrine, pseudoephedrine or phenyl acetone (regulated)
- soldiers took in WW2

Question 5

cathinones

Answer 5

derived from catha plant
- khat: fresh leaves most potent
- synthetic: 25% of all new psychoactive drugs

Question 6

cocaine

Answer 6

obtained from coca leaves to coca paste
- salt form: snorting or IV
- base form: lower vap point so quicker onset for smoking
- used by Freud and coca cola

Question 7

freebasing

Answer 7

salt -> base form by removing a HCl molecule
- called crack cocaine

Question 8

admin of stimulants

Answer 8

• prescribed: oral
• recreational: IV, snorting, inhalation

Question 9

most addictive admin

Answer 9

inhalation + IV

Question 10

stimulants with active metabolites

Answer 10

mathamphetamine, cocaine, cathinones

Question 11

polydrug use

Answer 11

• may produce active metabolites
• increases addiction potential

Question 12

drugs that have a shorter duration are…

Answer 12

more addictive

Question 13

amphetamine and methamphetamine mech of action

Answer 13

increase dopamine

1. displace dopamine from vesicles
2. reverse dopamine transporter

Question 14

cocaine mech of action

Answer 14

increase dopamine, NE, 5HT

1. increase transport into vesicles
2. reduces reuptake

Question 15

effects of stimulants in nucleus accumbens

Answer 15

large spike in dopamine levels after dose signifying reward