Stimulus Control of Behavior Flashcards
what was the study with a compound stimulus
pigeons trained to peck white triangle in red cricle, then tested stimulus separately
different responding
what is stimulus discrimination
treating each stimulus as different from the other
what is the opposite of stimulus generalization
stimulus discrimination
how did they show a stimulus generalization gradient
pigeons peck for 580 and similar light when trained for food
how does stimulus control bhv
by provoking it
what does a steep generalization gradient mean for the control of bhv by the stimulus, what about a large
strong control of bhv
large = no discrimination, weak control
what are some examples of what can be discriminated in a stimulus
shape, colour, intensity
what does a test of stimulus discrimination measure
sensory capacity, if stimulus can be detected
what is an example of stimulus discrimination test
horses only see some colour, reward for colour over gray: chose blue and yellow meaning those are the colours they can see
what is overshadowing
competition among stimuli for learning process
more salient (intense, noticeable) stimuli will recruit most of the learning strength
who first demonstrated overshadowing and how
pavlov, weak stimulus = limited conditioning if presented with a more intense stimulus
why does the type of reinforcement matter when wanting stimulus control
belongingness: some stimuli naturally belong to a conditionning. evolutionary importance
visual: appetitive outcomes
auditory: aversive outcomes
what is pavlovs theory on why we have stimulus generalization
we transfer properties of a CS to another based on their similarity: transfer of learning
ex: white rat looks like white beard
what is Lashleys theory on why we have stimulus generalization
reflects the absence of learning and to discriminate stimuli, not the transfer
ex: havent learnt about beards yet, so scared of beards
according to the absence of learning arugment, the shape of the generalization gradient is determined by
previous learning, rather than shared physical properties of stimuli
according to the absence of learning arugment, when is generalization diminished
when learn more about the similar stimulus
ex: have beard without noise, will learn that it is different
how is the absence of learning supported
discrimination training procedures
CS+ repeatedly paired with UCS, adn CS- presented in its absence
initially: generalization of CS from CS+ to CS-, but then differentiation as they learn to recognize the differences btw the CS
when does a stimulus becom a discriminative stimulus
when it gained control over bhv
T.F. the more different the discriminative stimuli are, the better the discrimination leaned
false, the more similar
where can disciminative training be used in real life
drug self-administration, its usually intermittent, alternating btw drug-taking periods (DS+) and where its impossible to comsume (DS-)
its hard to reduce drug-seeking drive (DS+), but could attenuate it with DS- and its inhibitory value
what is an example of discrimination training for drugs
animals learn to press for drugs when tone and to not when tone+light
what are contextual cues compared to discrete stimuli
have distinct features, but not as actively monitored or noticed , not presented for a brief period of time, no clear beginning/end
how are contextual cues studied
conditioned place preferance: amount of time spent in a room previously paired with reward
how does conditioned place preference work
pre-expose in one room, with reward
pre-expose other with placebo
test day, animal chooses to spend more time in one place
