Stop and search

Question 1

Why do we use stop and search?

Answer 1

• Important component in PREVENTING high harm offences.
• Enables officers to allay or confirm suspicions about individuals without exercising their power of arrest.

Question 2

Reasonable grounds

POSH - recognise reasonable suspicion.

Answer 2

Must always be able to JUSTIFY your reasons of suspicion.

POSH model can be used in recognising reasonable suspicion

Paint the picture - info & intel
Observe - what you can see
Smell - petrol,paint,drugs
Hear - noises/voices

Question 3

Conversational Engagement

Answer 3

If you do not have enough grounds to stop and search.

You can ask a person to explain their behaviour, presence in an area or what they are in possession of.

They are free to leave at any time and not obliged to answer questions - NOT DETAINED.

Question 4

Stop and Search form / record

Answer 4

5090A

Entitled to a copy from me now or from any Metropolitan police station within 3 months.

Question 5

GOWISELY must be said in order for it to be lawful.

Answer 5

G- Grounds
O - Object
W - warrant card
I - Identification
S- Station
E- Entitlement (5090A)
L - Legal power / Law
Y - You are detained (this is not voluntary)

Question 6

Exception of GOWISELY.

Answer 6

If you were unable to complete GOWISELY e.g. they run away you must record why in your pocket book and complete after.

Question 7

Other key points in a stop and search

Answer 7

Explain your Body worn video is recording visually and audibly.

Wear gloves for both mine and your protection.

Do you have anything sharp or anything which can harm me or you.

Question 8

5 LEVELS OF SEARCHING

Answer 8

1: JOG - Jeans, outer coat , gloves
(Any officer, no authority req, can be in public view)
2: Headgear and footwear
(Any officer, no authority req, out of public view)
3: Religious headgear
(Same sex officer, no authority req, out of public view)
4: Upper and lower clothing e..g shirt/ trousers
(Same sex officer, out of public view, no authority req)
5: MTIPS - more thorough intimate parts search - exposing genitals
(x2 same sex officers, BWV off , out of public view - police station, supervisor authority required.)

Question 9

Search must end.

Answer 9

Stop and search must be completed.

Person must be informed they are no longer detained. - ALLAYED

Unless person is arrested.

Question 10

Stop and search powers

Answer 10

• Section 1 of PACE 1984
  -Section 23 Misuse of Drugs act 1971
  -Section 47 Firearms act 1968
  -Section 43 & 47 Terrorism Act 2000
  -Section 60 Criminal Justice Act & Public Order Act 1994

Question 11

Section 1 Of Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (PACE)

Answer 11

A constable may search any person, vehicle or inside/ on a vehicle for stolen or prohibited articles if they have reasonable suspicion they will find stolen / prohibited articles.

In a public place

Not a dwelling.

Question 12

PROHIBITED ARTICLES

WTDFP

Answer 12

W - WEAPONS
T- THEFT
D- DAMAGE
F - FIREWORKS
P- PROTEST

Question 13

PLAN - Human rights

Answer 13

As stop and search is taking away someones liberty so all actions must me PLAN.

Proportionate
Legal
Accountable
Necessary

Question 14

Vulnerable Characteristics - take extra care.

Answer 14

Physical / learning disabilities
Age
Gender
Mental Ill health

• Talk to the person to ensure they understand.
• Find parent, guardian, carer, interpreter if in doubt.

Question 15

Conscious Bias

Question 16

Unconscious Bias

Answer 16

Bias or prejudice we are not aware of.
Always listen and be prepared to adjust your behaviour.

Question 17

Bias

Answer 17

Our attitudes and beliefs by conscious/unconscious bias can lead to inappropriate behaviour.

E.g. discrimination / harassment / bullying

Question 18

Objective test

Answer 18

• Must have genuine suspicion taht you will find the object.
• Reasonable person would come to the same conclusion.
• Known facts, info and intelligence
  Hunch / gut feeling can NEVER be used as grounds of suspicion.

Question 19

What is the quality of encounter model?

Answer 19

Engage - Start as you wish to continue
Explain - Why they are being stopped
Ensure - they understand the process
Record - record everything offer them a copy of 5090A
Reassure - Acknowledge the inconvenience ask them if they have any further questions.

Question 20

Confrontation Handling (ICRC). What does ICRC stand for?

Answer 20

Intervention
Calm
Rapport
Control

Question 21

What model can be used to encourage deescalation during an encounter?

Answer 21

LEAPS

Listen - verbals and non verbals
Empathise - try to sympathise with the situation
Ask - them questions listen to their side
Paraphrase - to show you have listened and understood
Summarise - and offer a way to proceed.