Stress Flashcards
(38 cards)
What are costs of stress for employees?
- poor physical health
- poor psychological health
- financial costs.
What are costs of stress to the organization?
-CWB, decreased job performance, financial costs.
What are costs of stress for stakeholders.
-customers, families, us economy
Define stress.
A response to any type of demand made on a person
What are two types of stress?
- acute: response to a onetime stressful event
- chronic: response to a repeated or persistent source of stress.
What are the three stages of stress?
- alarm reaction stage
- resistance stage
- exhaustion stage.
- also called the general adaptation syndrome.
What is the alarm reaction stage?
- the body mobilizes resources to cope with stress.
- heart rate increases and hormones are released.
What is the resistance stage?
-body copes with the source of stress.
What is the exhaustion stage?
- overall resistance decreases
- negative consequences occur such as heart disease, buronout, and headaches.
Define stressor.
- physical or psychological demands to which an individual responds.
- source of stress.
What are physical stressors?
-elements of environment
What are psychological stressors.
-role ambiguity, role conflict, role overload
What is a psychological stressor?
- lack of control.
- can fix through flexible time schedules, participative decision-making, removing unnecessary restrictions.
Describe role ambiguity.
-an emploee lacks clear understanding of what behaviors are expected in their jobs.
Describe role conflict.
-an employee receives incompatible demands from different sources.
Describe role overload.
-an employee is expected to fulfill too many roles at the same time.
Describe psychological stressors.
intepersonal confiltc such as obstructionism/agressive behaviors and unfriendly or violence.
-results from scarcity of resources, incompatibility of interests, injustice.
Define work-family confilct.
-conflict between roles employees fulfil at work and roles they fulfill in their personal lives.
What are challenge-related stressors?
- work demands and situations that, although stressful, offer potential gains.
- deadlines, number of tasks/projects assigned, time spent at work, level of responsibility.
- lead to higher job satisfaction and organizational commitment, fewer turnover.
What are hindrance-related stressors?
- work demands and situations that interfere with work.
- broken equipment, interpersonal conflict.
- lower job satisfaction and organizational commitment, higher turnover.
HOw doe stress affect information processing?
-we have a limited amount of cognitive resources and if some of them are used to cope with stress, fewer resources are left for other tasks.
What does stress have negative effects on?
-memory, reaction times, creativity, task focus, decision-making: do not process all the info available to us under stress which leads to poorer decisions.
How does stress affect behavior?
- job performance goes down if we are stressed.
- Optimal level of stress: if stress is work-related and the task we are working on is relatively simple.
- No optimal level when tasks are complex.
What does stress lead to?
-higher CWB and negative emotions.
