stroke - hematomas

Question 1

hematomas

Answer 1

epidural hematoma

subdural hematoma

Question 2

epidural hematoma

Answer 2

blood accumulates b/w the dura mater and skull

leading to cerebral compression

Question 3

epidural hematoma includes tearing of which artery

Answer 3

tearing of the middle meningeal artery

secondary to skull fracture of temporoparietal region

Question 4

clinical manifestations epidural hematoma

Answer 4

loss of consciousness followed by a temporary lucid interval

(temporary improvement in condition, deteriorates quickly after)

Question 5

other clinical manifestations epidural hematoma

Answer 5

headache

increased ICP

bradycardia

bradypnea

hypertension

altered mental status

focal neurological deficits

Question 6

other other clinical manifestations epidural hematoma

Answer 6

coma

fixed and dilated pupils

decerebration (separates brain from spinal cord d/t compression)

Question 7

treatment epidural hematoma

Answer 7

keep systolic BP >90mmHg to ensure perfusion

intubate

elevate head 30 degrees

administer mannitol (prevent seizure)

Question 8

subdural hematoma is more common

Answer 8

in older adults, >60

they have more cerebral atrophy

less resilient bridging veins

Question 9

interhemispheric subdural hematoma are associated w/

Answer 9

child abuse

Question 10

subdural hematoma d/t

Answer 10

rupture of bridging veins located b/w cerebrum and venous sinuses of dura secondary to trauma

Question 11

pathogenesis subdural hematoma

Answer 11

blood accumulates b/w arachnoid and dura mater

bleeding is self-limited but can grow secondary to osmotic movement of water

Question 12

resolution subdural hematoma

Answer 12

granulation tissue

Question 13

acute subdural hematoma

Answer 13

2-3 days after injury (MVA, falls)

rapidly clots

high mortality

can lead to chronic

Question 14

chronic subdural hematoma

Answer 14

2-3 weeks after injury (minor head trauma)

common in elderly with no history of trauma