Structure of DNA

Question 1

The strands are

Answer 1

anti parallel

Question 2

Bases are stacked on one another, and is
stabilized by

Answer 2

van der Waals interaction

Question 3

A process in which a DNA creates an identical copy of
itself

Answer 3

Replication

Question 4

Replication follow what type of mechanism

Answer 4

Semiconservative Replication
Mechanism

Question 5

cytosine and
guanine is connected by how many hydrogen bond

Answer 5

3

Question 6

Adenine and thymine is connected by how many
hydrogen bonds

Answer 6

2

Question 7

DNA
Replication phases

Answer 7

 Initiation  Elongation  Termination

Question 8

DNA replication starts at specialized sites
called origins of replication, and moves
away from the origin in both directions,
creating a

Answer 8

replication bubble

Question 9

The ? strand is copied in a continuous manner

Answer 9

leading

Question 10

The ? strand is copied in a discontinuous manner

Answer 10

Lagging

Question 11

The Lagging strand is copied in a discontinuous manner, which
results to fragments created, known as

Answer 11

Okazaki fragments

Question 12

 Helicase harnesses chemical
energy from ?

Answer 12

ATP hydrolysis

Question 13

protein that bind selectively to
ssDNA as soon as it forms, and
stabilizing and protecting it.

Answer 13

singlestrand DNA Binding
proteins

Question 14

As the helicase
unwinds DNA, the
twist ahead of the
fork decreases in
tension. TRue or false

Answer 14

false

Question 15

clockwise rotation right handed in negative supercoil

Answer 15

DNA Topoisomerase II

Question 16

counterclockwise rotation left handed in positive supercoil

Answer 16

DNA Topoisomerase I

Question 17

has the role of
synthesizing RNA primers

Answer 17

Primase

Question 18

Prokaryotic Polymerase includes pol III and pol I. TRUE OR FALSE

Answer 18

TRUE

Question 19

Eukaryotic Polymerase INCLUDES DNA Polymerase α and DNA Polymerase δ. true or false

Answer 19

true

Question 20

Directs the synthesis of a new
DNA strand

Answer 20

DNA Polymerase δ

Question 21

seals nicks and breaks in dsDNA molecules through
the formation of phosphodiester bonds between existing DNA
strands

Answer 21

DNA Ligase

Question 22

Replication pattern used by most eukaryotic and bacterial DNA

Answer 22

Bidirectional Replication

Question 23

Rolling Circle Replication

Answer 23

Pattern common among bacteriophage

Question 24

maintains the length
of telomeres by addition of
guanine-rich repetitive sequence

Answer 24

Telomerase

Question 25

Telomerase binds to ? of the telomere sequence along with RNA template

Answer 25

3 prime end

Question 26

telomeres shorten as it cell divides. true or false

Answer 26

true

Question 27

The mitochondria duplication is ?

Answer 27

stochastic

Question 28

there is no control over which particular copies are replicated

Answer 28

stochastic

Question 29

The process of mitochondrial replication is through

Answer 29

fission

Question 30

Proofreading Mechanism in In prokaryotes

Answer 30

DNA Polymerase I

Question 31

Proofreading Mechanism in Eukaryotes

Answer 31

DNA Polymerase δ

Question 32

Large fragment in DNA Polymerase I called

Answer 32

Klenow fragment

Question 33

small fragment in DNA Polymerase I has

Answer 33

exonuclease activity

Question 34

All synthesis of nucleotide chains occurs in the what direction

Answer 34

5’-3’

Question 35

The incoming nucleotide has a 5’ hydroxyl group on its sugar. true or false

Answer 35

false

Question 36

The last nucleotide has a 3’ hydroxyl group on the sugar. true or false

Answer 36

true

Question 37

leading strand direction

Answer 37

5’ to 3’

Question 38

template strand direction

Answer 38

3’ to 5’

Question 39

Okazaki fragments is usually how many nucleotides long

Answer 39

1000 - 2000

Question 40

Unwinds parental double helix.

Answer 40

helicase

Question 41

occurs when the two replication forks moving in opposite directions meet

Answer 41

termination

Question 42

Termination site in Bacteria

Answer 42

ter

Question 43

Binds nucleotides to form new strands

Answer 43

dna polymerase

Question 44

Correctness of copied DNA

Answer 44

fidelity

Question 45

how many nucleotides lost during each cell cycle

Answer 45

50