Student presentations

Question 1

What causes Rhinopneumonoitis?

Answer 1

Equine herpesvirus 1

Equine herpesvirus 4

Question 2

What does Rhinopneumonitis cause?

Answer 2

Respiratory conditions
Abortion
Neurologic conditions

Question 3

Which equine herepesvirus causes abortion storms in mares?

Answer 3

EHV-1

Question 4

What are the clinical signs of stallions that acquire EHV-1?

Answer 4

Scrotal edema
Loss of libido
Reduced sperm quality

Question 5

What are the neurologic signs associated with Rhinopneumonitis?

Answer 5

Ataxia
Fever
Loss of anal tone
Paralysis of tail
Urinary incontinence
Recumbency

Question 6

Which family of EHV cauces the most serious health risk for equine?

Answer 6

1, 3 and 4

Question 7

Equine herpes virus is difficult to clinically differentiate from what?

Answer 7

Equine influenza

Equine viral arteritis

Question 8

What other species are prone to Equine herpesvirus 1?

Answer 8

Llamas

Alpacas

Question 9

Are there vaccines for Equine herpesvirus?

Answer 9

Yes

Question 10

What is the prognosis for survival of Equine Herpesvirus?

Answer 10

50% with the neurologic form

Question 11

Does the vaccine protect against the neuropathic form of Equine Herpesvirus?

Answer 11

No

Question 12

are there zoonotic concerns for EHV?

Answer 12

NO

Question 13

What is a blood-borne infectious viral disease caused by a lentivirus of the Retroviridae family that is usually spread by vectors?

Answer 13

Equine infectious anemia

Question 14

What are the symptoms of Equine infectious anemia?

Answer 14

Fever
Anorexia
Lethargy
Pale mucous membranes
Petechiae
Thrombocytopenia
Anemia

Question 15

Why is equine infectious anemia difficult to diagonse?

Answer 15

Many infected animals are asymptomatic

Question 16

What are the differential diagnosis of EIA?

Answer 16

Anthrax
Influenza
Equine encephalitis

Question 17

Does Equine infectious anemia affect other animals?

Answer 17

No only members of the equine family

Question 18

What is the gold standard test to diagnose EIA?

Answer 18

Coggin’s test

Question 19

Is there treatment or vaccine for EIA?

Answer 19

No

Question 20

How quickly can EIA become fatal?

Answer 20

2 to 3 weeks

Question 21

Chronic cases will become lifelong carriers of the disease . Can survivors infect other horses?

Answer 21

Yes. They must be segregated from all other horses for the rest of their lives

Question 22

What biting insects cause EIA?

Answer 22

Tabanidae family

Stomoxys calcitrans

Question 23

What is the distance that should be kept between healthy horses and infected horses?

Answer 23

Greater than 200 meteres

Question 24

What is a highly contagious bacterial infection of the upper airway in horses?

Answer 24

Equine strangles

Question 25

What bacteria causes Equine strangles?

Answer 25

Streptococcus equi

Question 26

What does strangles cause?

Answer 26

Swollen lymph nodes that can block the upper airway

Question 27

How is Strangles spread?

Answer 27

Through nasal secretions

Question 28

Can other livestock get strangles?

Answer 28

No just the family of equids

Question 29

How is strangles treated?

Answer 29

Antibiotic therapy (Penicillin)

Question 30

What is the supportive care of horses with Strangles?

Answer 30

Isolate the horse | Apply hot compresses to the abscesses to encourage rupture and drainage

Question 31

Why is antibiotic therapy delayed for treating Strangles?

Answer 31

To let the abscesses rupture so not to prolong the disease | Prevent the horses from developing immunity to the infection

Question 32

Where can the bacteria that causes strangles hang out causes chronic carriers?

Answer 32

Guttural pouch

Question 33

Is there a vaccine for Strangles?

Answer 33

Yes | It is considered a "risk-based" vaccine

Question 34

Is prognosis good for strangles?

Answer 34

Yes | Recovery takes 3 to 6 weeks

Question 35

Is strangles zoonotic?

Answer 35

Yes

Question 36

What is a condition of the hoof wall where there is a reduction of the blood supply to the lamina?

Answer 36

Laminitis

Question 37

When the blood supply is reduced in the lamina what does this cause in the hoof wall?

Answer 37

The connection between the hoof wall and coffin bone to break down allowing the coffin bone to begin to sink or rotate

Question 38

Laminitis and Founder are usually used interchangeably, but Founder can usually refer to waht?

Answer 38

Chronic laminitis condition

Question 39

Who can get lamnitis?

Answer 39

Any animal with hooves

Question 40

Is there a concern with biosecurity or zoonosis with laminitis?

Answer 40

No

Question 41

What are the signs and symptoms of acute laminitis?

Answer 41

``` Lameness Shifting weight Reluctance to walk or desire to be recumbent Heat in the feet Increased digital pulse Pain in the toe region "Sawhorse stance" Cavitation/depression along the coronary band Anorexia ```

Question 42

What are the signs and symptoms of chronic laminitis?

Answer 42

``` Rings on the hoof wall Bruised soles Widened white line Blood or serum oozing from coronary band Seromas/Abscesses Dropped soles/ flat feet Dished hooves ```

Question 43

What is the best, easiest way to diagnose laminitis?

Answer 43

x-rays

Question 44

What are the differential diagnosis for laminitis?

Answer 44

Solar bruising | Abscess

Question 45

What is the treatment for laminitis?

Answer 45

``` Pain control with NSAIDs Shoes with proper padding No black walnut shavings Dietary changes Treating/preventing underlying condition ```

Question 46

What NSAIDs are used to treat laminitis?

Answer 46

Bute | Banamine

Question 47

What is the prognosis of laminitis?

Answer 47

Depends on the severity of the case | Can make a full recovery

Question 48

What is porcine epidemic diarrhea virus?

Answer 48

Member of the genera Alphacoronavirus in the family coronoavirdae

Question 49

What does Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea cause?

Answer 49

Acute diarrhea Vomiting Dehydration High mortality rate in neonatal piglets

Question 50

What are the differential diagnosis for PEDV?

Answer 50

Porcine Transmissible Gastroenteritis Porcine Deltacoronavirus Bacterial Gastroenteritis Parasitic Gastroenteritis

Question 51

What species is affected by PEDV?

Answer 51

Only swine

Question 52

What is the main route of transmission of PEDV?

Answer 52

Fecal-oral route

Question 53

How can PEDV be diagnosed?

Answer 53

PCR ELISA Immunohistochemistry Immunofluorescence

Question 54

What are the treatments available for PEDV?

Answer 54

There are no effective treatments or vaccines for PEDV

Question 55

What can be done to control PEDV?

Answer 55

Keep sanitary and quarantine measures | Good care and provisions of adequate water to combat dehydration

Question 56

What is the prognosis of PEDV in piglets?

Answer 56

almost 100%

Question 57

What is the importance of PEDV to the livestock industry?

Answer 57

It has led to significant economic losses in Europe and Asia | Killed nearly 10% of pig in US in 2013 and 2014

Question 58

What is important and can significantly reduce the risk of transmission for PEDV?

Answer 58

Implementation of an appropriate biosecurity plan

Question 59

Is PEDV zoonotic?

Answer 59

NO