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Biology The Biosphere > Succession > Flashcards

Succession Flashcards

1
Q

Early-arriving species may link to later-arriving ones in three ways

A

Facilitate- making environment more favorable
Inhibit
Tolerate

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2
Q

A plot of the annual mean temperature and precipitation in a particular region

A

Climograph

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3
Q

Tropical Forest

A

Rain forest: 200-400 cm rain
Dry forest: 150-200
High temperature, little seasonal variation
Layers plants
High animal diversity

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4
Q

Desert

A

Less than 30cm rain
High tenp generally but varies seasonally and daily
Widely scattered plants

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5
Q

Savanna

A

Long dry seasons, 20-50 cm rain
Warm year-round but slightly more seasonal variation
Scattered trees

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6
Q

Chaparral

A

Rainy winters and dry summers. Middle of earth halves
Moderate seasonal variation
Shrubs and small trees

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7
Q

Characteristic changes during succession

A

More species (diveristy)
More organisms (abundance)
R-relected to K-selected

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8
Q

Gross primary production GPP

A

All of the energy captured from photosynthesis

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9
Q

Net primary production NPP

A

GPP minus energy used for producer respiration and metabolism

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10
Q

Gradient between terrestrial biomes

A

Ectones

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11
Q

Limits of Aquatic ecosystems

A

Nitrogen and phosphorous

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12
Q

The amount of a nutrients that a plant can absorb

A

Critical load

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13
Q

Excessive runoff, things die, more decomposers, less oxygen and more things die, more decomposwrs, ect.

A

Cultural eutriphication

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14
Q

Fossil fules effect on water

A

Burning fossil files cause CO2
25% of human CO2 absorbed by ooceans
CO2 poisons water - Ocean acidification

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15
Q

Template Grassland

A

Highly seasonal, dry winters and wet summers.
30-100 cm
Periodically drought common
Grasses and forbs

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16
Q

Northern coniferous forest

A

Largest terrestrial biome
Cold winters, maybe warm summers
Dominates by cone-baring trees

17
Q

Template broadleaf forest

A

Hot and humid summers
Rain in all seasons 70-200> cm
Distinct vertical layers

18
Q

Tundra

A

Cold
Average 20-60 cm
Herbaceous, mosses, grasses

19
Q

Lakes

A

Standing bodies of water
Oligotrophic and eutrophic lakes

20
Q

Nutrient-poor but oxygen rich lakes

A

Oligotrophic

21
Q

Nutrient-rich but low oxygen lakes

A

Eutrophic

22
Q

Wetland

A

Covered by water sometimes
Periodically low in dissolved oxygen

23
Q

Streams and rivers

A

Headwaters - rich in oxygen, thin, rocky floor
Downstream- Low oxygen, wide, silty

24
Q

Estuaries

A

Transition between rivers and seas
Salinity varies
Complex flow patterns

25
Q

Intertidal zones

A

Tide pools basically
Periodically submerged or exposed
High oxygen and nutrients

26
Q

Oceanic Pelagic Zone

A

Open ocean water
High oxygen, lower nutrient concentrations
70% of earth’s surface

27
Q

Coral reefs

A

Hugh oxygen
Relatively stable tropical enviroment

28
Q

Marine Benthic Zone

A

Seafloor.
Deeper = colder
Sufficient oxygen

29
Q

Water cycle - Biological importance, forms avaliable, reservoirs, key processes

A

Essential for all organisms
Ocean (97%)
Maim process if evaporation and precipitation

30
Q

Carbon - Biological importance, forms avaliable, reservoirs, key processes

A

Framework for all organic molecules.
Consumption
Ground, mainly sedimentary rock
Plants capture CO2, animals eat and release CO2

31
Q

Nitrogen - Biological importance, forms avaliable, reservoirs, key processes

A

Part of Amino acids, protiens, nucleic acids
Nitogen fixation
Atmosphere
Nitrogen fixation

32
Q

Phosphorous - Biological importance, forms avaliable, reservoirs, key processes

A

Nucleic acids, phosopgilids, ATP
Plants absorb
Sedimentary rock
Weathering rocks (never in air)

33
Q

Aquatic primary production is limited by

A

Nutrients and light
(Nitogen and phosphorous most often)

34
Q

Terrestrial primary production is limited by

A

Temperature and moisture

Biology The Biosphere (22 decks)

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