Succession

Question 1

Early-arriving species may link to later-arriving ones in three ways

Answer 1

Facilitate- making environment more favorable
Inhibit
Tolerate

Question 2

A plot of the annual mean temperature and precipitation in a particular region

Answer 2

Climograph

Question 3

Tropical Forest

Answer 3

Rain forest: 200-400 cm rain
Dry forest: 150-200
High temperature, little seasonal variation
Layers plants
High animal diversity

Question 4

Desert

Answer 4

Less than 30cm rain
High tenp generally but varies seasonally and daily
Widely scattered plants

Question 5

Savanna

Answer 5

Long dry seasons, 20-50 cm rain
Warm year-round but slightly more seasonal variation
Scattered trees

Question 6

Chaparral

Answer 6

Rainy winters and dry summers. Middle of earth halves
Moderate seasonal variation
Shrubs and small trees

Question 7

Characteristic changes during succession

Answer 7

More species (diveristy)
More organisms (abundance)
R-relected to K-selected

Question 8

Gross primary production GPP

Answer 8

All of the energy captured from photosynthesis

Question 9

Net primary production NPP

Answer 9

GPP minus energy used for producer respiration and metabolism

Question 10

Gradient between terrestrial biomes

Answer 10

Ectones

Question 11

Limits of Aquatic ecosystems

Answer 11

Nitrogen and phosphorous

Question 12

The amount of a nutrients that a plant can absorb

Answer 12

Critical load

Question 13

Excessive runoff, things die, more decomposers, less oxygen and more things die, more decomposwrs, ect.

Answer 13

Cultural eutriphication

Question 14

Fossil fules effect on water

Answer 14

Burning fossil files cause CO2
25% of human CO2 absorbed by ooceans
CO2 poisons water - Ocean acidification

Question 15

Template Grassland

Answer 15

Highly seasonal, dry winters and wet summers.
30-100 cm
Periodically drought common
Grasses and forbs

Question 16

Northern coniferous forest

Answer 16

Largest terrestrial biome
Cold winters, maybe warm summers
Dominates by cone-baring trees

Question 17

Template broadleaf forest

Answer 17

Hot and humid summers
Rain in all seasons 70-200> cm
Distinct vertical layers

Question 18

Tundra

Answer 18

Cold
Average 20-60 cm
Herbaceous, mosses, grasses

Question 19

Lakes

Answer 19

Standing bodies of water
Oligotrophic and eutrophic lakes

Question 20

Nutrient-poor but oxygen rich lakes

Answer 20

Oligotrophic

Question 21

Nutrient-rich but low oxygen lakes

Answer 21

Eutrophic

Question 22

Wetland

Answer 22

Covered by water sometimes
Periodically low in dissolved oxygen

Question 23

Streams and rivers

Answer 23

Headwaters - rich in oxygen, thin, rocky floor
Downstream- Low oxygen, wide, silty

Question 24

Estuaries

Answer 24

Transition between rivers and seas
Salinity varies
Complex flow patterns

Question 25

Intertidal zones

Answer 25

Tide pools basically Periodically submerged or exposed High oxygen and nutrients

Question 26

Oceanic Pelagic Zone

Answer 26

Open ocean water High oxygen, lower nutrient concentrations 70% of earth's surface

Question 27

Coral reefs

Answer 27

Hugh oxygen Relatively stable tropical enviroment

Question 28

Marine Benthic Zone

Answer 28

Seafloor. Deeper = colder Sufficient oxygen

Question 29

Water cycle - Biological importance, forms avaliable, reservoirs, key processes

Answer 29

Essential for all organisms Ocean (97%) Maim process if evaporation and precipitation

Question 30

Carbon - Biological importance, forms avaliable, reservoirs, key processes

Answer 30

Framework for all organic molecules. Consumption Ground, mainly sedimentary rock Plants capture CO2, animals eat and release CO2

Question 31

Nitrogen - Biological importance, forms avaliable, reservoirs, key processes

Answer 31

Part of Amino acids, protiens, nucleic acids Nitogen fixation Atmosphere Nitrogen fixation

Question 32

Phosphorous - Biological importance, forms avaliable, reservoirs, key processes

Answer 32

Nucleic acids, phosopgilids, *ATP* Plants absorb Sedimentary rock Weathering rocks (never in air)

Question 33

Aquatic primary production is limited by

Answer 33

Nutrients and light (Nitogen and phosphorous most often)

Question 34

Terrestrial primary production is limited by

Answer 34

Temperature and moisture