Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

A&P Suffolk > Suffolk Final > Flashcards

Suffolk Final Flashcards

(86 cards)

Start Studying
0
Q

Medical science that deals with functioning and disorders of the nervous system

A

Nuerology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

The nervous system is responsible for all

A

Behaviors memories and movements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Three basic functions of the nervous system

A

Sensory
Interpretation
Motor response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Sensing changes with sensory receptors, detects internal and external environment

A

Sensory receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Analysis, interpreting and remembering changes with the sensory receptors

A

Interpretation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Reaction to changes with effectors

A

Motor response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Nervous system path overview

A 
Receptor
Sensory neuron
Inter neuron
Motor neuron 
Muscle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The brain and the spinal cord are part of the

A

Central nervous system

CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The cranial nerves
Spinal nerves
Ganglia
Peripheral nerves are all part of the

A

Peripheral nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

A bundle of hundreds or thousands of axons each of which courses along a defined path and serves a specific region of the body

A

Nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Located outside the brain and spinal cord are small masses of nervous tissue containing cell bodies of nuerons

A

Ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Helps regulate the digestive system

A

Plexuses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Parts if neurons or specialized cells that minister changes in the external or internal environment

A

Sensory receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Neurons from cutaneous and special sensory receptors to the CNS
Motor neurons to skeletal muscle tissue

A

Somatic voluntary nervous system SNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Sensory neurons from visceral organs to CNS

Motor neurons to smooth and cardiac muscle & glands

A

Autonomic involuntary nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system

A

Speeds up heart rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system

A

Slows down heart rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Involuntary sensory & motor neurons control GI tract

Neurons function independently of ANS and SNS

A

Enteric nervous system ENS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Consists of neurons in the plexusus that extend the length of GI tract

A

Enteric nervous system ENS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Sensory neurons of the ENS moniter chemical changes within the GI tract and stretching of its walls

A

.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Somatic nervous system pathway

A

SNS
CNS
Somatic motor nuerons
Skeletal muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

ANS autonomic nervous system pathway

A

ANS
CNS
autonomic neurons sympathetic or parasympathetic
Smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

ENS enteric nervous system path

A

ENS
CNS
enteric motor neurons in enteric plexusus
Smooth muscles, glands, cells of GI tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the functional unit of the nervous system

A

Neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Glue that supports and maintains the neuronal networks and also outnumber neurons
Neuroglia
25
Cytoplasm of the neuron is called
Perikaryon
26
Mitochondria produces
Energy
27
RER in ribosomes in the neuron produce
Neurotransmitters
28
Cytoskeleton of a neuron consist of
Neurofilaments Neurotubules Neurofibrils
29
Bundles of neurofilaments that provide support for dendrites and axon
Neurofibrils
30
Makes neural tissue appear grAy | dense area of RER and ribosomes
Nissl bodies
31
Axon structure is critical to
Function
32
Cytoplasm of axon that contains neurotubules neurofibrils and enzymes
axoplasm
33
Covers the axoplasm
Axolemma
34
Junction in between the axon hillock and initial segment
Trigger zone
35
Types of neurons found in the brain and sense organs | All cell processes look alike
Anaxonic neurons
36
Found in special sensory organs | Sight smell hearing
Bipolar neurons
37
Found in sensory neurons of PNS | Fused dendrites and a very long axon
Unipolar neurons
38
Common in the CNS Include all skeletal muscle motor neurons Long axons
Multipolar neurons
39
Convey action potentials into the CNS through cranial or spinal nerves Mostly unipolar
Sensory or afferent neurons
40
Conveys action potentials away from the CNS to effectors (muscles or glands) in the peripheral through cranial or spinal nerves Most are multipolar
Motor or efferent neurons
41
Multipolar in structure | Integrates incoming sensory from sensory neurons and then Olicits a motor response
Interneurons
42
90% of neurons in the body are
Interneurons
43
4 cell types in the CNS
Astrocytes Oligodendrocytes Microglia Ependymal
44
2 cells in the PNS
Schwann cells | Satellite cells
45
Does not generate or conduct nerve impulses
Neuroglia
46
Neuroglia supports in
Blood brain barrier Myelin sheath ( nerve insulation) CSF phagocytosis
47
In the CNS this cell supports neurons by maintaining chemical balance of calcium and potassium
Astrocytes
48
In the CNS this cell produces myelin
Oligodendrocytes
49
In the CNS this cell conducts in phagocytosis
Microglia
50
In the CNS this cell forms an circulates CSF
Ependymal cells
51
In the PNS this cell supports the interneuron
Satellite cell
52
In the PNS this cell produces the myelin sheath on the interneuron
Schwann cell
53
this cell in the CNS helps form scar tissue after injury
Astrocytes
54
This cell in the CNS helps metabolize neurotransmitters
Astrocytes
55
Most common glial cell type found in the CNS
Oligodendrocytes
56
Electrically insulates the Axon and increases the speed of nerve impulse conduction
Myelin sheath
57
These cells wrap around Axons during fetal development
Schwann cells
58
White matter
Myelinated processes
59
Unmyelinated processes are in
Gray matter
60
Impulses that travel long distances
Action potential s
61
Impulses that are local membrane changes
Graded potentials
62
These channels open in the presence of specific chemicals | Ex: acetylcholine
Chemically gated channels
63
Change in membrane potential opens this channel
Voltage gated channel
64
Mechanical stimulus opens this channel
Mechanical gated channels
65
At resting membrane potential | A cell is polarized when negative ions are inside the cell and positive ions along outside leaving energy difference at
-70 Mv
66
For every 3 NA+
2 K+
67
When an action potential that decrease and eventually reverse the membrane potential
Depolarization
68
Restores membrane to its resting state
Re polarization
69
A stronger stimulus will not cause a larger impulse once it reaches threshold
.
70
If a stimulus strength is at the subthreshold there is no
No impulse will result
71
The threshold I'm millivolts
-55 Mv
72
Period of time In which a neuron cannot generAte a new action potential
Refractory period
73
A suprathreahold stimulus will be able to start an AP
Relative refractory period
74
These two local anesthetics prevent opening of voltage gated sodium channels
Novocaine | Lidocaine
75
Step by step depolarization of each portion of the length of the axolemma
Continuous conduction | Unmyelinated fibers
76
Depolarization only at nodes of ranvier
Saltatory conduction | Myelinated fibers
77
Factors that effect speed of propagation
Axon diameter Temperature Amount of myelination
78
Information transfer from pre synaptic to post synaptic neuron is
Chemical
79
Axodendritic
Axon to dendrite
80
Axosomatic
Axon to cell body
81
Axoaxonic
Axon to axon
82
Anything that enhances a transmitters effects
Agonist
83
Anything that blocks a neurotransmitters effects
Antagonist
84
Autoimmune disorder causing destruction of myelin sheaths in CNS
Multiple sclerosis
85
Where is CSF
Subarachnoid space of the spinal cord

A&P Suffolk (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions