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A&P Suffolk > Suffolk test 2 > Flashcards

Suffolk test 2 Flashcards

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0
Q

What tissue is avascular aka lacks its own blood supply

A

Epithelial

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1
Q

Single or multiple layered sheet of cells. Makes the covering and lining of the body. Protection secretion and avsorption

A

Epithelial tissues

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2
Q

The type of simple squamous that lines the heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels

A

Endothelium

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3
Q

The type of epithelial layer of serous membranes such as pericardium, pluera, and peritoneum

A

Mesothelium

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4
Q

This epithelial tissue derives from the embryonic mesoderm

A

Endothelium
Mesothelium
Simple squamous

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5
Q

Allows passage of materials by diffusion and filtration. Found in the lining of hear. Air sacs in lungs. Blood vessels and lymphatic system

A

Simple squamous

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6
Q

Epithelial tissues found in thyroid gland and kidney tubules

A

Simple cuboidal

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7
Q

Epithelial tissues that line digestive tract. Gallbladder. Protects stomach lining from acids. Function is secreting mucus.

A

Non ciliated columnar epithelium

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8
Q

Goblet cells are found and for what purpose

A

Simple columnar

Produces mucous for lubrication

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9
Q

Epithelial tissues found in

Respiratory system and uterine tubes.

A

Ciliated simple columnar

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10
Q

Epithelial tissue found in respiratory system, trachea, male urethra and epididymis . Nuclei seen at different levels.

A

Ciliated pseudo stratified columnar

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11
Q

Keratinized tissue found in superficial layers of skin

A

Stratified squamous

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12
Q

Nonkeratinized tissue found in mout and esophagus . Major function is protection

A

Stratified squamous

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13
Q

This tissue is found in the lining of the vagina

A

Stratified squamous

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14
Q

Rare type of epithelial tissue
Function is protection
Only found in sweat gland ducts and urethra

A

Stratified cuboidal

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15
Q

Uncommon epithelial tissue
Multayered
Found in very large ducts and part of the male urethra

A

Stratified columnar

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16
Q

Epithelial tissue
Found only in the urinary system
Allows for expansion of urinary organs

A

Transitional

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17
Q

Connective tissue cells:

Secretes fibers and components of ground substance

A

Fibroblasts

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18
Q

Connective tissue cells:

Store triglycerides

A

Adipocytes

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19
Q

Connective tissue cells:

Produces histamine

A

Mast cells

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20
Q

Connective tissue cells:
Immune response
Neutrophil and eosinophils

A

White blood cells

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21
Q

Connective tissue cells:
Engulf bacteria and cellular debris
By phagocytosis

A

Macrophages

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22
Q

Connective tissue cells:

Secretes antibodies

A

Plasma cells

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23
Q

Between cells and fibers

Fluid like and functions to support cells, store water, and allow exchange between blood and cells

A

Ground substance

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24
Name three types of connective tissue fibers
Collagen Reticular Elastic
25
Tissue fibers: Tough, resistant to pull 25% of bodies protein
Collagen
26
Tissue fibers: Formed from protein elastin and glyco protein Lungs blood vessels ear cartilage
Elastic
27
Tissue fibers: Form a framework of organs Spleen and lymph nodes
Reticular
28
Classification of tissues: | Found in umbilical chord
Mucous
29
Loose connective tissue
Areolar Adipose Reticular
30
Tissue most widely distributed in the body
Areolar
31
Tissue that contains adipocytes Insulation Reserves food stores Found under under skin local fat deposits. Abdomen and breasts
Adipose
32
Loose connective tissue found in liver, spleen , lymph nodes. Lies in a fiber network. Holds organs together
Reticular
33
Three types of dense connective tissue
Dense regular Dense irregular Elastic tissue
34
Tissue found in tendons and has fibroblasts. Found in ligaments
Dense regular
35
Tissue found in dermis of skin and heart and has fibroblasts. Irregularly shaped
Dense irregular
36
Tissue that can stretch found in lung tissues an arteries , vocal chords
Name three cartilage tissues
37
Hyaline Fibrocartilage Elastic cartilage
A dense network of collagen fibers and elastic fibers firmly embedded I'm chondroitin sulfate
38
A dense network of collagen fibers and elastic fibers firmly embedded I'm chondroitin sulfate
Cartilage
39
Cartilage cells found in the spaces called the lacunae
Chondrocytes
40
Coverage of dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds cartilage. Two layers
Pericondrium
41
No blood vessels or nerves except. Pericondrium.
.
42
Most abundant cartilage in the body
Hyaline
43
This cartilage acts as a cushion Found in embryonic skeleton Nose trachea and larynx
Hyaline
44
In hyaline cartilage Chondrocytes sit in spaces called
Lacunae
45
Hyaline cartilage repairs very slow due to
No blood vessels or nerves
46
Similar to hyaline cartilage but with more elastic fibers
Elastic cartilage
47
This cartilage maintains shape and structure while allowing flexibility Support external ear Nose Vocal cartilages
Elastic cartilage
48
This cartilage provides tensile strength and absorbs compression shock. Found in inverterbral discs, pubic symphysis , discs of knee joint
Fibrocartilage
49
Cartilage grows slowly | Repairs are slow due to the fact they are
Avascular
50
Two patterns of cartilage growth
Interstitial growth | Appositional growth
51
Growth from within cartilage tissue occurs in adolescence
Interstitial growth
52
Growth at the outer surface of the tissue
Appositional growth
53
Ossetia tissue containing periosteum and endosteum
Bone
54
Found in the lacunae of bone inbetween lamellar
Osteocytes
55
Site of hematopoiesis
Bone marrow
56
Tiny canals in bone that connects cell to cell
Canaliculi
57
Name functions of blood
Immunity Clotting Transport gases
58
Membrane that lines a body cavity that opens directly to exterior .
Mucous membrane
59
Membrane that lines the body cavity that does not open directly to exterior
Serous membrane
60
Tissue that cannot divide or be replaced
Muscle and nervous tissue
61
Young tissue heals
Faster
62
Enzyme that untwist the double helix
Helicase
63
The replisome uses what to begin DNA synthesis
RNA primers
64
What synthesizes the nucleotides
DNA polymerase III
65
Translation happens in the
Cytoplasm
66
Translation the making of proteins
DNA Pre MRNA MRNA
67
Transcription happens in the
Nucleus
68
Transcription of RNA is catalyzed by
RNA Polymerase
69
Can shut down gene expression by blocking the action of MRNA
Antisense
70
Carries the genetic information from DNA in the nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm
Messenger RNA
71
Bound to amino acids base pair with the codons of MRNA at the ribosome to begin process of protein synthesis
Transfer RNA
72
Triplet code for Transfer RNA
Codon
73
Structural component of ribosomes
Ribosomal RNA
74
DNA to MRNA TAC CGG TAG
AUG GCC AUC
75
MRNA to TRNA AUG CCA UCG CUA
UAC GGU AGC GAU
76
Each triplet code specifies coding for an
Amino acid
77
Instructions for protein synthesis is found in the
DNA in the nucleus
78
The process of reading the MRNA nucleotide sequence to determine the amino acid sequence of the protein
Translation
79
Initiates or starts proteins
Methionine
80
Catabolic
Breaking
81
Anabolic
Making
82
How much ATP do you get from one glucose molecule
36
83
Oxidation means
Removal of electrons
84
Dehydrogenation
Removal of hydrogen
85
Glucose catabolism order
Glycolosys
86
The breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid is
Glycolysis
87
Glycolysis yields an immediate net gain of
2 ATP
88
The only immediate energy benefit from one turn of the Krebs cycle is the formation of a single molecule of
ATP
89
The process that produces over 90% of the ATP uses by our cells is
Oxidative phosphorylation
90
Oxidative phosphorylation takes place in the
Electron transport chain
91
The last electron in the electron transport chain is
Cytochrome A3
92
The last electron acceptor in the electron transport chain is
Oxygen
93
The first step in the electron transfer chain is the transfer of electrons of NADH + H+ is
FMN
94
Heme groups transfer
Oxygen
95
If 20 glucose molecules start glycolysis , how many pyruvic acids are formed in the end result
40
96
The lagging strand of DNA must be replicated in short pieces . These segments are called
OKasake fragments
97
The enzyme which connects the short segments in the lagging strand is called
Ligase
98
Endothelium as in capillaries as well as mesothelium lining serous membranes
Simple squamous
99
Immature bone cell
Oceoblast
100
Immature cartilage cell
Chondroblast
101
Mature bone cell
Osseosite
102
Mature cartilage cell
Controcyte
103
Compact bone contains rings called
Lamellae
104
Bone cells are called
Osteocytes
105
Haversion system
Osteon
106
Is spongy bone arranges in osteons
No
107
Spongy bone consists of plate like bone called
Tribeculae
108
Muscle tissue attached to bone
Skeletal
109
Muscle tissue attached to wall of heart
Cardiac
110
Muscle tissue with spindle shaped cells with ends tapering to points
Smooth
111
Muscle tissue containing intercalated discs
Cardiac
112
Muscle tissue found in the walls of intestine iron arty bladder and blood vessels
Smooth
113
Voluntary muscle tissue
Skeletal
114
This tissue conducts impulses
Nervous tissue
115
The outer layer of epithelial skin is called
Epidermis stratified squamous
116
The inner connective tissue of the skin is called
Dermis
117
This pigment gives skin color
Melamine
118
The protein helps to waterproof skin
Keratin
119
Known as the stratum germinativum bc new cells are produced by mitosis
Basale
120
Stratum immediately superficial to the stratum basale "prickly spines" help attach cells to adjacent cells
Spinosum
121
Cells begin to die In this stratum they contain keratoyhyaline and granules
Granulosum
122
A clear thin layer normally only found in thick layers of palms and soles
Lucidum
123
Uppermost layer consist of 25-30 rows of flat dead cells full of keratin
Corneum
124
The outer region of the dermis is called
Papillae
125
Present in finger like projections known as dermal
Papillae
126
The inner region of dermis is called the
Reticular region
127
The reticular region of the inner dermis is what type of tissue
Dense
128
Skin is strengthened by
Elastic fibers
129
Epidermal ridges on palms and fingers soles and toes form the basis of
Fingerprints and footprints
130
List three types of accessory structures of skin
Hair glands nails

A&P Suffolk (6 decks)

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