Surg 104--Chapter 26 (Extra Questions)

Question 1

Drugs that dilate the pupil but permit focusing.

Answer 1

Mydriatics

Question 2

Drugs that paralyze accommodation and inhibit focusing.

Answer 2

Cycloplegics

Question 3

2% pilocarpine to constrict the pupil.

Answer 3

Miotic drops

Question 4

Drug used for objective examination of the retina, testing of refraction, and easier removal of lenses; may be used alone or with a cycloplegic drug.

Answer 4

Phenylephrine 2.5%, 10% (mydriatic)

Question 5

Potent cholinergic; constricts the pupil, used intraocularly during anterior segment surgery.

Answer 5

Carbachol (Miostat), 0.01% (miotic)

Question 6

Cholinergic; rapidly constricts the pupil used intraocularly during anterior segment surgery; reconstitute immediately before using.

Answer 6

Acetylcholine chloride (Miochol-E), 1% (miotic)

Question 7

Lubricant and support; maintains separation between tissues to protect the endothelium and maintain the anterior chamber ; should be refrigerated; allow 30 minutes to warm to room temp.

Answer 7

Sodium hyaluronate (Healon) (viscoelastic)

Question 8

Maintains deep chamber for anterior segment procedures, protects epithelium or cornea, and improves visualization; may be used to coat intraocular lens before implantation; should be refrigerated.

Answer 8

Sodium chondroitin-sodium hyaluronate (Viscoat) (viscoelastic)

Question 9

In this procedure a wedge of tissue is removed from the lower tarsal plate, and the canthal tendon is secured to the periosteum of the orbital rim.

Answer 9

Repair of an ectropian using a lateral cathotomy and tarsal strip procedure.

Question 10

Aging may cause the orbicularis muscle to relax resulting in an _____.

Answer 10

ectropian

Question 11

Instruments used include:

• Stevens tenotomy scissors
• Freer or periosteal elevator
• power drill with 4- to 5-mm burr
• Kerrison rongeur

Answer 11

Dacryocystorhinostomy

Question 12

During a recession of the medial muscle, how long is the clamp allowed to remain on the muscle to provide hemostasis?

Answer 12

Up to 3 min

Question 13

What is used to treat postoperative nausea and vomiting that are caused by the vagal reflex?

Answer 13

Antiemetics

Question 14

During an anterior vitrectomy the pupil is constricted with _____.

Answer 14

acetylcholine (Miochol or Miostat)

Question 15

• Performed when the sensory layer of the retina becomes separated from the pigment epithelial layer.
• The goal is restore layers to their normal positions and prevent blindness.

Answer 15

Scleral buckling procedure for a detached retina

Question 16

What gases are used during an intravitreous gas injection?

Answer 16

Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) and perfluoropropane (C3F8)

Question 17

Gas infusion exerts pressure on the retina while subretinal fluid is reabsorbed and scarification takes place.

Answer 17

Intravitreous gas injection