SUSTAINABLE LIVING SYSTEMS

Question 1

purifying water and air, pollinating crops, stabilizing soil, cycling critical nutrients

Answer 1

ecosystem services

Question 1

Ability to maintain or support a process continuously over time; ability to reduce personal and societal negative impacts

Answer 1

sustainability

Question 2

Food, fiber & fuel, genetic resources, biochemicals, fresh water, and habitat

Answer 2

provisioning services

Question 3

Spiritual values, knowledge systems, education & inspiration, recreation & aesthetic values

Answer 3

cultural services

Question 4

Invasion resistance, pollination, seed dispersal, climate regulation, natural hazard protection, erosion regulation, water purification

Answer 4

regulating services

Question 5

Primary production, provision of habitat, nutrient cycling, soil formation/retention, production of atmospheric oxygen, water cycling

Answer 5

supporting services

Question 6

causes of biodiversity loss

Answer 6

population growth, habitat loss, invasive alien species, environmental pollution, climate change

Question 7

effects of biodiversity loss

Answer 7

food security, energy security, unavailability of clean water

Question 8

WAYS OF CONSERVING BIODIVERSITY

Answer 8

Species protection and conservation & Habitat protection and conservation,

Question 9

law on species protection and conservation

Answer 9

Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act (RA 9147 of 2001)

Question 10

a protected area is a clearly defined geographical space, recognized, dedicated and managed, through legal or other effective means, to achieve the long term conservation of nature with associated ecosystem services and cultural values

Answer 10

IUCN

Question 11

National legislation

Answer 11

NIPAST Act of 1992: National Integrated Protected Areas System Act of 1992

Question 12

International Criteria to Identify Areas for Biodiversity Conservation

Answer 12

• contained unique and rare habitats
• included fragile and sensitive habitats
• important for ecological integrity
• representative of all habitats
• presence of species of conservation concern
• occurrence of restricted range species
• species richness
• areas with importance for life history stages

Question 13

how many protected areas in PH

Answer 13

559

Question 14

categories of protected areas – strict nature reserves, natural parks, natural monuments, wildlife sanctuary, protected landscapes and seas, resource reserve

Answer 14

NIPAS ACT

Question 15

effective management of PAs

Answer 15

• Onsite conservation
• Restoration activities
• Monitoring and enforcement
• forego certain land uses to improve effectiveness of protected area management
• Requires sufficient funding and community support

Question 16

activities in pa management

Answer 16

• Demarcation and patrolling of boundaries
• Capacity building of staff
• Purchase of necessary equipment
• Information and education campaign

Question 17

Activities directly related to ecosystem services

Answer 17

• Reforestation, watershed protection, and carbon sequestration
• Monitoring and protection of species and
• For nature-based recreation, visitor monitoring and trail maintenance

Question 18

challenges to bio conservation

Answer 18

• short of funding
• lack of local support
• lack of awareness
• neglected in decision making

Question 19

Why protect natural resources?

Answer 19

provide ecosystem services essential to human life

Question 20

major approach for biodiversity conservation ->

Answer 20

establishment of protected areas

Question 21

Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs)

Answer 21

Identified by national constituencies using globally standardized criteria and quantitative thresholds (refer to IUCN’s “A Global Standard for the Identification of Key Biodiversity Areas” Vers. 1.0 for the details)

Question 22

KBA criteria

Answer 22

• Threatened biodiversity
• Geographically restricted biodiversity
• Ecological integrity
• Biological processes
• Irreplaceability through quantitative analysis

Question 23

KBAS in the PH

Answer 23

228 identified

Question 24

Cebu KBAs

Answer 24

Olango, Mactan, Liloan, Bantayan, Moalboal

Question 25

a bottom-up approach where a group of people (usually in rural areas) manage the use of resources in their defined area, using communal facilities

Answer 25

community based natural resource management

Question 26

promotes conservation through the sustainable use of natural resources, enables communities to generate income that can be used for rural development, and promotes democracy and good governance in local institutions”

Answer 26

community based natural resource management

Question 27

process of managing natural resources in a systematic way includes multiple aspects of natural resource use (biophysical, socio-political, and profitability, risk aversion) to meet production goals of producers and other direct users (food security, profitability, risk aversion)

Answer 27

Integrated approaches to natural resource management

Question 28

coordinated development and management of water, land, and related resources to maximize the resultant economic and social welfare

Answer 28

integrtaed water resouce management

Question 29

strategy for the integrated management of land, water and living resources that promotes conservation and sustainable use in an equitable way

Answer 29

ecosystem approach

Question 30

the process of combining all aspects of human, physical and biological aspects of the coastal zone

Answer 30

Integrated coastal zone management (ICZM)

Question 31

responsible and broad based management of the land, water forest and biological resources needed to sustain agricultural productivity

Answer 31

integrated natural resource management

Question 32

process aims to regain ecological integrity and enhance human well being in deforested or degraded forest landscapes

Answer 32

forest landscape restoration