T3 L13: Treatment for ischaemic heart disease Flashcards
What is another name for the endothelium-derived relaxing factor?
Nitric oxide
How does nitric oxide cause in blood vessels?
Causes an influx of Ca2+ resulting in relaxation
What is the physiological mechanism for relaxation of blood vessels?
Ca2+ binds to Nitric oxide synthase which produces NO from L-Arginine. NO then goes on to convert GTP into cyclic GMP which relaxes smooth muscle
What are the 3 things that increase Ca2+ in endothelial cells?
Acetylcholine, Bradykinin and shear force caused by the flow of fluid against the walls of blood vessels)
What nervous system control heart rate?
Sympathetic system (Ca2+)
What nervous system controls contractibility?
Sympathetic system (Ca2+)
What nervous system control the total peripheral resistance?
Sympathetic system (RAAS)
What is the RAAS?
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System
What is stable angina?
When the pain is relieved by rest (It’s a predictable pattern)
What causes angina?
The O2 supply and demand are not balanced
How do nitrites treat ischaemic heart disease?
They are metabolised into NO which causes vasodilation. This decreases workload of the heart and increases blood supply to the coronary arteries
What are the side effects of nitrate drugs for ischaemic heart disease?
Postural hypotension, headache, dizziness, reflex tachycardia
What type of drug is Glyceryl trinitrate (GTN)?
A nitrate
What is reflex tachycardia?
When the blood pressure falls so the heart compensates by beating faster
How can the effects of reflex tachycardia be treated?
With beta-blockers
