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kines final > talocrural joint > Flashcards

talocrural joint Flashcards

1
Q

what is considered to be the ankle joint

A

talocrural joint

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2
Q

articulation

A

b/w the talus and the distal tibia

and

the talus and the fibula

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3
Q

what type of joint is the talocrural joint

A

hinge joint with one degree of freedom

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4
Q

what does the talocrural joint allow

A

dorsiflexion and plantar flexion

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5
Q

what is the most congruent joint in the body

A

talocrural joint

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6
Q

what is the proximal surface of the talocrural joint composed of

A

the concave surface of the distal tibia and the tibial and fibular malleoli

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7
Q

what will form the almost continuous concave joint surface –> proximal surface

A

three facets

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8
Q

which malleolus extends further distally

A

the lateral malleolus

is also more posterior

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9
Q

what shape does the distal tibia and the malleoli resemble

A

mortise

adjustable and relies on the proximal and distal tibiofibular joints to both permit and control change in the mortise

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10
Q

distal surface of the talocrural joint

A

formed by the body of the talus

has 3 articular surfaces

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11
Q

3 articular surfaces of the talus –> distal surface

A

large lateral facet

smaller medial facet

superior/trochlear facet

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12
Q

large lateral facet

A

lateral malleolus

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13
Q

smaller medial facet

A

medial malleolus

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14
Q

superior/trochlear facet

A

articulates w/ distal tibia

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15
Q

what shape is the body of the talus

A

wedge shaped

wider anteriorly than posteriorly

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16
Q

articular cartilage –> distal surface

A

continuous across 3 articular facets

very congruent joint

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17
Q

proximal tibiofibular joint

A

formed by the head of the fibula w/ the posterolateral aspect of the tibia

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18
Q

what kind of joint is the proximal tibiofibular joint

A

plane synovial joint

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19
Q

proximal tibiofibular joint capsule

A

reinforced by anterior and posterior ligs

separate from knee joint

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20
Q

amount of motion at proximal tibiofibular joint

A

small amount of motion

superior/inferior sliding of the fib

fib rotation

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21
Q

distal tibiofibular joint

A

concave facet of the tibia and the convex facet of the fibula

syndesmosis

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22
Q

distal tibiofibular joint capsule

A

none

23
Q

distal tibiofibular joint ligaments

A

most important is the crural tibiofibular interosseous ligament

injured in a high ankle sprain

24
Q

fxn of distal tibiofibular joint

A

limit motion @ tibiofibular joints

maintain a stable mortise

25
Q

what is normal fxning of the talocrural joint dependent on

A

tibiofibular mortise

26
Q

what is the mortise spread apart

A

it would be unable to grasp and hold the talus

27
Q

what is the most important part of the mortise

A

fibula

will bear no more than 10% of our weight

28
Q

ligaments of talocrural joint

A

medial collateral ligament (deltoid ligament)

lateral collateral ligament

29
Q

purpose of ligaments

A

ankle is dependent on intact ligamentous structure for stability

joint capsule of the ankle is fairly thin and is weak anteriorly and posteriorly

30
Q

deltoid ligament

A

superficial and deep fibers

arise from the borders of the tibial malleolus

insert in a continuous line on the navicular anterior and on the talus and calcaneus distally and proximally

31
Q

is the deltoid ligament weak or strong

A

very strong ligament

32
Q

fxns of the deltoid ligament

A

control medial distraction (valgus) stresses on the ankle joint

help check motion at extreme joint range

33
Q

lateral collateral ligament

A

3 separate bands

referred to as separate ligaments

34
Q

3 bands of the lateral collateral ligament

A

anterior talofibular

posterior talofibular

calcaneofibular

35
Q

what ligament is more prone to injury

A

lateral collateral ligament

weaker

36
Q

function of lateral collateral ligament

A

to control lateral distraction (varus) stresses on the ankle joint

help check motion at extreme joint ranges

37
Q

function of talocrural joint

A

motions of dorsiflexion and plantarflexion predominate

do not occur purely in the sagittal plane

38
Q

how do DF/PF occur not in one plane

A

single motion that crosses 3 planes

triplanar motion

d/t oblique axis of motion and shape of the body of the talus

39
Q

axis

A

passes through the fibular malleolus, the body of the talus and through or just below the tibial malleolus

40
Q

how is the axis oblique

A

lateral malleolus is more distal than the tibial and lies more posterior

axis is considered to be rotated laterally 20-30 degrees in the transverse plane and inclined 10 degrees down the lateral side

41
Q

d/y obliquity of the axis

A

DF –> ABD and eversion

PF –> ADD and inversion

42
Q

PF/DF

A

occur in the sagittal plane around a frontal axis

43
Q

EV/INV

A

occur in the frontal plane around an A-P axis

44
Q

ABD/ADD

A

occur in the transverse plane around a vertical axis

45
Q

OKC dorsiflexion arthro

A

convex talus moving on a concave mortise

BM & roll –> anterior

glide –> posterior

46
Q

OCK PF arthro

A

convex talus moving on a concave mortise

BM & roll –> posterior

glide –> anterior

47
Q

CKC arthro

A

tibia and fib moving on a stationary talus

48
Q

what will the lateral malleolus do

A

will move a greater distance on the larger lateral facet of the talus

49
Q

CKC arthro –> in WB

A

when the tibia and fibula move over the fixed talus into dorsiflexion
–> movement on the medial side stops while the lateral side continues to move anteriorly

this causes medial rotation of the leg as it passes over the foot in WB dorsiflexion and lateral rotation of the leg in plantarflexion

50
Q

ROM DF

A

20 degrees from neutral

51
Q

neutral

A

when the foot is @ a right angle to the tibia

52
Q

dorsiflexion is limited w/

A

knee extension

passive insufficiency of the gastroc

53
Q

plantarflexion ROM

A

30-50 degrees from neutral

kines final (11 decks)

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