TEAS- science Flashcards
1
Q
promote inflammation, made in renal medulla, and can lead to pain and fever
A
prostaglandis
2
Q
____ is the product of the velocity and mass of an object
A
momentum
3
Q
lactose is considered a ____ sugar
A
double sugar (disaccharide)
4
Q
firmest type of connective tissue
A
bone
5
Q
____ is the changing of substances into a different form that entered the body
A
assimilation
6
Q
human blood and house ammonia are considered
A
bases
7
Q
the point in a female’s menstrual cycle that is most correlated with pregnancy
A
ovulation
8
Q
3D shape of a molecule is known as
A
conformation
9
Q
correct formula for pH
A
-log[H+]
10
Q
which of the following atoms is the most numerous in the body?
- nitrogen
- hydrogen
- chlroine
- calcium
A
hydrogen
11
Q
chemical formula for ammonia
A
NH3
12
Q
how many layers of skin does humans have?
A
3- epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous fat
13
Q
2 criteria for classifying epithelial tissue
A
shape- cuboidal, squamous, columnar
layers- simple, stratified
14
Q
catalyze chemical reactions synthesize and repair DNA structure support transport materials across cells send and receive chemicals provide energy
A
proteins
15
Q
use their substrate to build more complex molecules
A
anabolic enzymes
16
Q
break down their substrate
A
catabolic enzymes
17
Q
how many essential amino acids are out there?
A
9
18
Q
provides protection from UV radiation and serves as a lubricant for the skin
A
hair
19
Q
___ cells produce specific antibodies
A
B cells
20
Q
- provides memory
- antigen-specific immune response
A
adaptive immunity
21
Q
- nonspecific response
- physical barriers, chemicals
A
innate immunity
22
Q
filters bacteria in blood
A
spleen
23
Q
small glands mainly in thorax and abodmen
-help prevent disease by filtering out bacteria
A
lymph nodes
24
Q
lymphatic system 3 functions:
A
- return excess fluid back into the blood (fluid balance)
- absorb fat from digestive and desposits in to bloodstream
- defends body against pathogens
25
kidneys produce ____, a hormone that regulates blood pressure by balancing water and salt
renin
26
blood enters kidney through
renal artery
27
serves as first stage of filtering process
glomerulus
28
important in digestion of fats
bile
29
____ radiation has 1- charge
beta
30
how many d orbitals in a d subshell
5
31
which chemicals are responsible for conveying an impulse along a nerve cell
sodium and potassium
32
glucose formula
C6H12O6
33
tail of lipid
hydrocarbon chain-hydrophobic
34
head of lipid
glycerol or phosphate- hydrophilic
35
amino acid 3 parts
R group
carboxyl group
amino group
36
nucleotides are composed of
5 C sugar
phosphate group
nitrogenous base
37
in cell membrane that adds stiffness and flexability
cholesterol
38
in cell membrane helps give the cells shape
proteins
39
in cell membrane, helps the cell to recognize other cells of organisms
glycolipids
40
sacs used for storage, digestion, and waste removal
vacuoles
41
small organelle, moving materials within a cell
vessicles
42
occurs because lack of vitamin C
scurvy
43
made in salivary glands and pancreas
| -breaks down starch into simpler sugars
amylase
44
vili is only present in
small intestine
45
RBCs live for how long in blood?
120 days or 4 months
46
WBS are smaller/larger than RBCs
larger
47
WBCs are more abundant/less abudant than RBCs
less abundant
48
inhalation
diaphragm contracts and moves down
49
lying belly down is ___ position
prone
50
lying back down is ___ position
supine
51
what causes a moving body to resist a change in its state of motion
inertia
52
comprise the pulmonary tree
trachea
bronchi
bronchioles
53
detoxifies metabolic by-products, alcohol, and drugs
smooth ER
54
measures blood pressure (mmHg)
sphygnmomanometer
55
which bone structure holds the osteocytes
lacunae
56
ring of muscle at base of uterus
cervix
57
X nerve
vagus nerve
58
newtons second law of motion formula
f= ma
59
pressure inversely propotional to volume of gas
boyle's law
60
for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
newton's 3rd law
61
an object at rest will stay at rest, an object that is moving will stay moving unless disturbed by an unbalanced force
newton's first law
62
what kind of bond connects sugar and phosphate in DNA
covalent bond
63
entirely used up by the chemical reaction
limiting reactant
64
what kind of radiation has no charge
gamma
65
radiation has 2+ charge
alpha
66
5 things that influence reaction rates
```
catalyst
concentration
temperature
pressure
surface area
```
67
what makes up molecule of a fat
3 molecules of fatty acids
| 1 molecule of glycerol
68
brachiocephalic vein is formed by
internal jugular
| subclavian veins
69
large lymphatic trunks unite to form which 2 main vessels of lymphatic system
right lymphatic duct
| thoracic duct
70
required by thyroid gland for production of hormone thyroxine
iodine
71
vitamin A is known as ____ and is a ___ vitamin
retinol, fat-soluble
72
can cause night blindness
vitamin A deficency
73
developed due to deficency of proteins in diet
kwashiokor
74
occurs because of lack of iron
anemia
75
develops due to insufficent vitamin D, phophorus, calcium
rickets
76
monosaccharides
glucose
fructose
galactose
77
disaccharides
sucrose
maltose
lactose
78
polysaccharides
glycerol
chitin
cellulose
starch
79
involved in regulation and expression of genes
nucleic acids
80
refer to the tendency of an atom to want to bond with other atoms by taking electrons from those atoms
electronegativity
81
amount of energy required for removal of one electron from atom
ionization energy
82
atomic radius
decreases left to right
| increases top to bottom
83
ionization energy
increases from left to right
| decreases from top to bottom
84
electronegativity
increases from left to right
| decreases from top to bottom
85
lowest level of energy, max 2 electrons
s orbital
86
max 6 electrons
p orbital
87
max 8 electrons
d orbital
88
max 32 electrons
f orbital
89
2 criteria for classifying epithelial tissue
layers- single, stratified
| shape-cuboidal, columnar, squamous
90
how many layers of skin do humans have
3
91
chemical formula for ammonia
NH3
92
which of the following atoms is the most numerous in body
hydrogen
93
correct formula for pH
-log[H+]
94
3D shape of a molecule is known as
conformation
95
the product of the velocity and mass of an object
momentum
96
promote inflammation
made in renal medulla
can lead to pain and fever
prostaglandis
97
high concentration to low
diffusion
98
type of diffusion in which water moves passively through a semi-permeable membrane
osmosis
99
alkynes form __ bonds
triple
100
alkanes form ___ bonds
single
101
alkenes form __ bonds
double
102
involves drawing a specific conclusion based on a general premise
deductive reasoning
103
each osteon consists of concentric layers called ____, which are compact bone tissue that surround a central canal
lamellae
104
contains bones blood supply
haversain canal
105
have hollow shafts that contain marrow
long bones
106
not hollow, but contain marrow
flat bones
107
caused by loss of minerals from the bone, which cause its rigidity to be lost
osteoporosis
108
caused by a genetic defect in a collagen matrix that causes bones to be brittle and break easy
osteogensis imperfecta (brittle bone disease)
109
involves drawing general conclusions based on observation of specific events
inductive reasoning
110
acts as an insulator and covers axon to allow for electrical impulses to transmit into cell
myelin sheath
111
regulates metabolism and also helps body deal with stress
adrenal gland
112
produces hormones for regular growth and metabolic rate
thyroid gland
113
when bronchi become chronically inflammed, they narrow and spasm
asthma
114
inability to exhale normally
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
115
genetic disorder that causes poor mucus clearance from the lungs, result in difficult breathing and infections
cystic fibrosis
116
hormone that stimulates appetite
ghrelin
117
hormone that inhibits hunger
leptin
118
hormone that causes the storage of glucose
insulin
119
hormone that stimulates the breakdown of stored glycogen
glucagon
120
secrete sebum (oil) that waterproofs the skin
sebaceous glands
121
associated with body's homeostatic relationship of thermoregulation and rid body of metabolic wastes
sweat glands
122
waxy protein that helps to waterproof the skin
keratin
123
shivering is associated with the ____
muscular system
124
sebaceous gland and sweat glands are ____
exocrine glands
125
sebaceous gland are also known as
holocrin glands
126
2 types of sweat glands
eccrine
| apocrine
127
located throughout the body and can be found on forehead, neck, and back
eccrine glands
128
located in the armpits, groins, palms, and soles of feet
apocrine glands
129
not connected to hair follicles, activated by elevated blood temperature
-secrete a salty solution of electrolytes and water containing sodium chloride, potassium, bicarbonate, glucose, and antimicrobial peptides
eccrine glands
130
secrete this oily sweat when a person experiences stress or anxiety
- produce body odor
- secrete oily solution containing fatty acids, triglycerides, and proteins
apocrine glands
131
has an influence on daily biorhythms and sexual activity
pineal gland
132
plays a role in immune responses
thymus gland
133
what does calcitonin do?
decrease blood calcium in bone tissue
134
found traveling in the lymph or fixed in lymphatic tissue are the largest, long-living phagocytes that engulf and destroy pathogens
macrophages
135
short-living phagocyte that respond quick to invaders
| -type of granulocyte
neutrophils
136
provides an attachment point for the tongue muscles
hyoid bone
137
two types of connective bone tissue
compact bone
| spongy bone
138
which consist of tightly packed cells, is strong, dense, and rigid
compact (cortical) bone
139
consists of trabeculae, lightweight and porous, helps reduce bone's overall weight
spongy (cancellous) bone
140
spaces between lamellae are known as
lacunae
141
network of gliders with open spaces filled with red bone marrow
-within spongy bone
trabeculae
142
catabolic reactions ____ energy
release
143
anabolic reactions _____ energy
require
144
a codon has the code for a single___
amino acid
145
start codon
AUG
146
stop codon
UAA
UGA
UAG
147
molecule that helps in translation process, and is found in cytoplasm
transfer RNA
148
refers to the expression of both alleles so that both traits are shown
- cows for example can have hair color of red, white, red and white (not pink)
- ABO human blood typing system
- not a Mendel Law/concept
Co-dominance
149
when both dominant and recessive genes are expressed, resulting in a phenotype that is mixture of the two
-red, white, or pink
incomplete dominance
