TEAS- science pt 3 Flashcards
1
Q
biceps femoris is the anatomical name for the
A
hamstring
2
Q
type of muscle tissue that are narrow and have only one nucleus
A
smooth muscle tissue
3
Q
byproducts of bacterial processing of chyme in the colon (LI)
A
vitamin K
B12
thiamine
riboflavin
4
Q
appendix is attached to the
A
cecum
5
Q
striated muscles attach to
A
bones
6
Q
which gland secretes saliva
A
parotid
7
Q
ureters move urine to the bladder from the
A
renal pelvis
8
Q
control and coordinate complex muscle activities
-maintain posture and balance
A
cerebellum
9
Q
rhombencephalon (hindbrain) consists of
A
cerebellum
medulla oblongata
pons
10
Q
below hypothalamus and controlled by it
-hormone=melatonin
A
pineal gland
11
Q
under thalamus
-hunger, thirst, body temp, blood pressure, production of hormones
A
hypothalamus
12
Q
route sensory organs to cerebral cortex
-located around 3rd ventricle of brain
A
thalamus
13
Q
proscencephalon includes
A
cerebrum
diencephalon
14
Q
diencephalon includes
A
thalamus
hypothalamus
pineal gland
15
Q
outermost and largest part of brain
A
cerebrum
16
Q
consists mostly of myelinated neurons
A
white matter
17
Q
consists mostly of interneurons that are unmyelinated
A
gray matter
18
Q
long, thin, and extend from soma
A
axon
19
Q
small, treelike structure that extend from soma
A
dendrite
20
Q
part of nervous system responsible for processing and storing information, as well as deciding on appropriate action and issuing commands
A
central nervous system
21
Q
responsible for gathering information and transporting it
A
peripheral nervous system
22
Q
fight or flight
-emotion, danger, exercise
A
sympathetic nervous system
23
Q
stimulates activities when body is at rest, digestion, sexual arousal
A
parasympathetic nervous system
24
Q
cautiously control this part of PNS, includes skeletal muscle
A
somatic nervous system
25
can't be cautiously controlled, stimulates smooth and cardiac muscle
autonomic nervous system
26
3 types of autonomic nervous system
parasympathetic
sympathetic
enteric
27
PNS is further divided into
somatic
| autonomic
28
part of brain dealing with movement and sensory input
cerebrum
29
3 types of salivary glands
sublingual
submandibular
parotid
30
liver is located in which quadrant
RUQ
31
cricoid cartilage is found on the
trachea
32
reactants in respiration
glucose and oxygen
33
products in respiration
carbon dioxide
water
atp
34
quadriceps include
rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus medialis
vastus intermedius
35
calf area
gastrocnemius
36
shoulder area
deltoid
37
least common of all granulocytes
basophils
38
most abundant cell type in our blood
neutrophils
39
secreted by posterior pituitary and act on kidney to perserve fluid and electrolyte balance by increasing water reabsorption
anti-diuretic
40
main hormone for regulating mood and feelings of well-being
serotonin
41
secreted by posterior pituitary and triggers childbirth
oxytocin
42
command center of brain
hypothalamus
43
color portion of eye
iris
44
cells responsible for seeing in dim, dark lighting
rods
45
part of eye that converts light into electrical impulses
retina
46
longest muscle in human body
sartorius
47
what does lipase do?
breaks down fat into fatty acids and glycerol
48
largest muscle in the body
gluteus maximus
49
area of eye with most acute vision and is comprised only of cones
fovea centralis
50
longest bone
femur
51
trochanter is attached to
upper part of femur
52
ear bones
ossicles- stapes, incus, malleus
53
cells found in skin and assist in boosting immune function
langerhan cells
54
larynx made out of 3 cartilage structures
thyroid
epiglottis
cricoid
55
ring shaped structure that keeps larynx open
cricoid cartilage
56
adam's apple
thyroid cartilage
57
larger lung
right lung (3 lobes)
58
smaller lung
left lung (2 lobes)
59
hangs from base of brain
- control growth and aspects of sexual functioning
- growth hormone, fsh, oxytocin, tsh
pituitary gland
60
innermost layer of stomach
| -secretes digestive enzymes and hydrochloric acid
mucosa
61
located around mucosa
- made of connective tissue
- nerves and blood vessels
submucosa
62
outermost layer of stomach, keeps stomach wet, decreases friction
serosa
63
hormone predominantly produced during luteal phase of menstrual cycle
progesterone
64
at day 14, ____ released from pituitary which stimulates ovulation and conversion of the follicle corpus luteum
LH
65
nonliving part of bone
| -made out of water, collagen, protein, calcium, phosphate, and crystals
bone matrix
66
topmost layer of bone
- act as layer of connective tissue
- contain collagen fibers that anchor tendons
periosteum
67
living part of bone found at edges of the bone
| -vital part in growth, development, and repair of bones
osteocytes
68
gives the bone its strength
compact bone
69
layer where bone tissue grows in columns
- provides structural strength
- forms a space that contains red bone marrow
traberculae
70
muscle mainly responsible for the action is called
agonist
71
fight against parasitic infections
eosinophils
72
attack and destroy bacteria and viruses
neutrophils
73
sternum consists of what 3 things
manubrium
corpus sterni
xiphoid process
74
cells that are responsible for color, and in seeing in bright light
cones
75
produced by adrenal glands and increase reabsorption of sodium ions from nephron
adolsterone
76
acidic loving granulocytes
eosinophils
77
support agonsit, attach to same bones, stabilize movement, and decrease unnecessary movement
synergists
78
which of the following is a type of external chemical barrier provided by the body's innate immune system
salt
79
which of the following is a type of external physical barrier provided by the body's innate immune system
skin and mucus
80
two atoms that have different number of neutrons but the same number of protons
isotopes
81
insulates a nerve fiber or axon and facilitates the transmission of nerve impulses
myelin sheath
82
two identical copies of a chromosome formed during cell cycle are called
chromatids
83
in which organ is the digestive enzyme pepsin found?
stomach
84
what is the result if the vas deferens is blocked
sperm from the testicles cannot mix with semen
85
filters waste products out of the blood is the function of _____ in the the kidney
glomerulus
86
what is the result when a person's pancreas stops releasing insulin?
sugar will not enter cells, causing high blood sugar levels and diabetes
87
blood plasma contains
90% water
antibodies
nutrients
hormones
88
hemoglobin is found where?
in red blood cells
89
role of pancreas in digestion
produces hormones and digestive juices and secretes them into duodenum
90
which of the following hormones causes the uterine lining to thicken during ovulation?
estrogen
91
describe the action of regulatory genes
they control the expression of one or more other genes
92
membrane around lungs
pleura
93
where in the body are leukocytes produced?
in the marrow within bones
94
function of ____ is to find and destroy cells that contain a pathogen's antigen signature
cytotoxic T cells
95
which of the following types of motion do the molecules of a liquid exhibit?
translational and vibrational
96
which of the following glands of the endocrine system is located closest to the pineal gland
pituitary gland
97
which bones articulate at hinge joint
femur and tibia
98
which element within the respiratory system is responsible for removing foreign matter from the lungs?
cilia
99
one responsibility of the _____ is to block pathogens that cause disease
integumentary system
100
when are the parasympathetic nerves active within the nervous system?
when an individual is either resting or eating
101
the part of the human excretory system most responsible for maintaining normal blood temperature is the
sweat glands
102
a part of which body system controls fluid loss, protects deep tissues, and synthesizes vitamin D
integumentary system
103
the respiratory system ____ oxygen and ____ carbon dioxide
delivers oxygen; expels carbon dioxide
104
in the development of genetic traits, one gene must attach to one _____ for the traits to develop correctly
protein
105
which of the following best describes the careful ordering of molecules within solids that have a fixed shape
crystalline order
106
which of the following describes the transport network that is responsible for the transference proteins throughout a cell
endoplasmic reticulum
107
which of the following choices best describes the location of the trachea in relation to the esophagus?
anterior
108
which of the following do catalysts alter to control the rate of a chemical reaction
activation energy
109
how many layers of skin do humans have
3
110
which of the following bone types is embedded in tendons
sesamoid bones
111
what is the most likely reason that cells differentiate?
cells differentiate so that simple, non-specialized cells can become highly specialized cells
112
how is meiosis similar to mitosis?
both occur in humans, other animals, and plants
113
what basic molecular unit enables hereditary information to be transmitted from parent to offspring?
genes
114
how do DNA and RNA function together as part of the human genome?
RNA carries genetic information from DNA to the cytoplasm
115
which of the following best describes the structures found underneath each rib in descending order?
nerve
vein
artery
116
filters microorganisms and other foreign substances from the blood
spleen
117
is a protein that interferes with virus production
interferon
118
which structure releases hormones that stimulate the gonads during puberty?
hypothalamus
119
a vaccination is a way of acquiring which type of immunity?
active artificial immunity
