Teeth, Tongue, & Salivary Glands

Question 1

what is a tooth composed of?

Answer 1

internal soft tissue (pulp), 3 calcified tissues: enamel, cementum, & dentin

Question 2

what are calcified dental tissues made of?

Answer 2

calcium hydroxapatite

Question 3

major parts of teeth?

Answer 3

enamel covered crown, cementum covered root, & a cervix

Question 4

enamel

Answer 4

• highly calcified matrix
• 2 glycoproteins: enamelin & amelogen
• acellular after tooth eruption

Question 5

dentin surrounds?

Answer 5

pulp chamber & pulp root canal

Question 6

what is dentin made of?

Answer 6

calcified matrix of collagen fibers

Question 7

how is dentin made?

Answer 7

odontoblasts

Question 8

where are odontoblasts located?

Answer 8

periphery of pulp

Question 9

dentinal tubules

Answer 9

tunnel-like spaces within dentin

Question 10

cementum

Answer 10

collagen containing calcified matrix produced by cementoblasts

Question 11

cementocytes

Answer 11

• in apical region of cementum in lacunae

- send processes in canaliculi towards periodontal ligament

Question 12

dental pulp

Answer 12

gelantinous CT with odontoblasts in peripheral layer; contains fibroblasts, mesenchymal cells, & thin collagen fibers

Question 13

what is special about dental pulp?

Answer 13

richly vascularized, sympathetic nerve fibers (PAIN)

Question 14

periodontal ligament

Answer 14

• dental support
• dense irregular CT
• collagen fibers —> principle fiber bundles
• suspends tooth in alveolus

Question 15

gingivae

Answer 15

• covered by stratified squamous epithelium & contains dense irregular CT
• attaches to enamel surface via hemidesmosomes

Question 16

alveolar bone

Answer 16

• attachment site of periodontal ligament

- inner layer (cribriform plate), outer layer (cortical plate), & intervening layer (spongiosa)

Question 17

tongue

Answer 17

divided into anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3 by sulcus terminalis & ends in a shallow pit called foramen cecum

Question 18

what kind of epithelium does the tongue have?

Answer 18

• dorsal: stratified squamous parakeratinized epithelium
• ventral: stratified squamous nonkeratinized
• both have lamina propria & submucosa

Question 19

what constitutes the bulk of lingual tissue?

Answer 19

muscular core

Question 20

lingual papillae

Answer 20

on dorsal surface, classified into 4 types

Question 21

filiform papillae

Answer 21

short, narrow, highly keratinized, above tongue surface

Question 22

fungiform papillae

Answer 22

mushroom shaped above tongue surface

Question 23

foliate papillae

Answer 23

shallow, longitudinal furrows located on tongue lateral aspect

Question 24

circumvallate papillae

Answer 24

large, circular & surrounded by moat like furrow; anterior to sulcus terminalis

Question 25

taste buds

Answer 25

- intraepithelial sensory organs | - 4 types: dark, light, intermediate, & basal

Question 26

salty & sour taste due to?

Answer 26

specific ion channels in taste buds

Question 27

bitter & sweet taste due to?

Answer 27

specific membrane receptors

Question 28

umami taste

Answer 28

detects carboxylate ion on glutamic acid

Question 29

loss of taste

Answer 29

ageusia, partial loss= dysgeusia

Question 30

lingual salivary glands

Answer 30

deliver serous secretion to papilla & assist in taste buds receiving stimuli

Question 31

glands of von Ebner

Answer 31

secrete into groove by circumvallate papillae; serous fluid with lipases

Question 32

muscular core of tongue

Answer 32

made of skeletal muscle & has salivary glands

Question 33

salivary glands

Answer 33

exocrine glands

Question 34

parotid gland

Answer 34

serous acini

Question 35

submandibular gland

Answer 35

both serous & mucous acini

Question 36

sublingual

Answer 36

mainly mucous

Question 37

functions of glands?

Answer 37

make & secrete lysozyme, amylase, lactoferrin, & secretory component for IgA

Question 38

whats the shape of salivary glands?

Answer 38

compound tubuloalveolar

Question 39

what surrounds glands?

Answer 39

dense irregular CT capsule

Question 40

salivary gland acini

Answer 40

connects to intercalated duct which leads to intralobular ducts; serous demilunes; in myoepithelial cells near basal lamina aid in saliva secretion