Teratogens Flashcards
(27 cards)
ACEI
renal damage
Alkylating agents
absence of digits, multiple anomalies
Aminoglycosides
CN VIII tox
Carbamazepine
Neural tube defects, craniofacial defects, fingernail hypoplasia, developmental delay, Intrauterine growth restriction
Diethylstilbestrol (DES)
Vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma, congenital Mullerian anomalies
Folate antagonists
Neural tube defects
Lithium
Ebstein’s anomaly (atrialized R ventricle)
Phenytoin
fetal hydantoin syndrome: microcephaly, dysmorphic craniofacial features, hypoplastic nails/distal phalanges, cardiac defects, MR
Tetracyclines
discolored teeth
Thalidomide
Limb defects (flipper)
Valproate
Inhibition of maternal folate absorption –> neural tube defects
Warfarin
Bone deformities, fetal hemorrhage, abortion, ophthalmologic abnormalities
Alcohol
leading cause, fetal alcohol syndrome
Cocaine
Abnormal fetal development + addiction; placental abruption
Smoking
Preterm labor, placental problems, intrauterine growth restriction, ADHD
Iodide
congenital goiter, hypothyroidism (cretinism)
Maternal diabetes
caudal regression syndrome (anal atresia to sirenomelia), congenital heart defects, neural tube defects
Vitamin A excess
spontaneous abortion, cleft palate, cardiac abnormality
X-rays
microcephaly, MR
Sulfonamides
kernicterus
Aminoglycosides
Ototox
Fluorquinolones
Cartilage damage
Clarithromycin
embryotoxic
Tetracyclines
discolored teeth, inhibition of bone growth
