Terminology Flashcards
(41 cards)
what is morphology?
how they are combined in forming words e.g. prefix and suffix
Morphology is the study of how words are formed and how they change to show things like:
Tense: walk → walked
Plural: cat → cats
Possession: girl → girl’s
Comparative: big → bigger
It looks at the smallest units of meaning, called morphemes (like -ed, -s, un-).
phoneme:
A phoneme is the smallest unit of sound that can change the meaning of a word.
Here are some examples:
/b/ as in bat vs. /c/ as in cat — changing the first phoneme changes the word.
/s/ as in sip vs. /z/ as in zip — the change of a single sound changes the meaning.
Phonemes are about the sounds in words, not the letters themselves. For example, the word “shoes” has three phonemes: /ʃ/ (sh), /uː/ (oo), and /z/ (z).
what is mode?
it is a form of communication
what is sociolinguistics?
the study of the relationship between society and language
what is linguistics?
the scientific study of language
what is a speech community?
group of people who share a set of linguistic norms and expectations
what is an idolect?
the speech habits that are peculiar to a particular person
what is a sociolect?
variety of language used that is used by a particular social group
what is a dialect?
form of language that is spoken in a particular part of a country or a region
register:
the type of language used for a specific context
simple register:
high frequency lexis: everyday common words
monosyllabic lexis
complex register:
low frequency lexis: unusual and different words
polysyllabic lexis
syntax:
word order/ how words and phrases are arranged to create effect and meaning
static verbs:
do not take continuous tense
e.g -ing
adjacent pairs:
two utterances by two speakers in a conversation
e.g “i like your jacket”. “oh thanks”
prosody:
rhythm, speed, volume in speech
code switching:
changing between two different languages
collocation:
words that pair together/ makes sense
e.g fish and.. chips
breaking collocation:
e.g discover your teacher in room a58
instead of find____________
what is a universalist?
how separate languages represent the world fundamentally similar: brain makes lang
what is a relativist?
the users of one language will experience and perceive the world in a peculiar way : lang makes brains
what is a phoneme?
smallest unit of speech, recognising one word from another
what is received pronunciation?
the standard accent of English as spoken in the South East of England.
term was populated by Daniel James in (1917) 2nd edition of the english pronouncing in (1926)
signified and signifier
signified: the idea or meaning being expressed by that signifier
signifier: thing, item or code that we ‘read’
