Terms + Conditions Flashcards
(24 cards)
Cardiac Tamponade
- Blood filling the pericardial sac.
LOC decr Breathing Rapid/shallow Pulses Weak/thready -> absent radials Pulsus Paradoxus Skin Cool, clammy/diaphoretic; cyanotic Head/Neck Neck vein distension, midline trachea Chest symmetrical, possible sternal contusion Breath sounds Present and equal Heart Tones Muffled
Becks Triad
-
Colles Fracture
-
Thoracotamy
-
Open Pneumothorax
- Sucking Chest wound
- Decreased LOC Airway Possibly gurgling Breathing Rapid/shallow, poss laboured, often oor and NO tidal volume Pulses Rapid/thready Skin Cool/clammy, cyanotic Neck veins flat Trachea Midline Chest Asymmetrical with penetrations Breath Sounds decr on affected side
Flail Chest
- Three or more adjacent ribs broken in two or more places
LOC often unconscious
Airway possibly snoring/gurgling
Breathing apneic, or shallow/guarded often no tidal volume
Pulses Rapid, thready
Skin Cool, clammy, cyanotic
Neck Veins flat
Trachea midline
Chest Asymmetrical with paradoxical motion
Breath Sounds Unequal (may be heard on both sides and usually decreased on affected side)
Tension Pneumothorax
- Causes increase in intrathoracic pressure leads to pressure being exerted on mediastinum. Eventually collapses the superior and inferior vena cava. Shift of mediastinum will compromise ventilation with other lung
LOC poss decr
Breathing Rapid/shallow,laboured
Pulses Weak/thready -> absent radials
Skin Cool/clammy/diaphorectic, cyanotic
Head/Neck Neck Vein Distension; with possble tracheal deviation
Chest Asymmetrical; contusions, intercostals bulging
Breath Sounds Absent on affected side Hyperresonant to percussion on the affected side
Note: Indication to decompress chest: Decr LOC, absent radials, Cyanotic
Hemothorax
min of 1500cc. Each thoracic cavity can contain up to 3000cc.
LOC decr
Breathing rapid, shallow, laboured
Pulses Weak, thready, absent radials
Skin Cool, clammy, diaphoretic, pale/ashen
Head/Neck Neck veins flat, trachea midline
Chest Asymmetrical; contusions
Breath sounds Absent on affected side, dull to percussion
Myocardial Contusion
- Blunt inj to anterior chest. Bruising of the heart is essentially the same injury as an acute myocardial infarction and likewise presents with CP, dysrhythmias possible cardiogenic shock. Difficult to differentiate Myo contusion from cardiac tamponade and will often mimic Right Vent AMI
Pulmonary Contusion
-Hours to develop and rarely develops in prehospital care.
Marked Hypoxemia, check for dyspnea, cyanosis hemoptysis and noisy breath sounds
CPAP/PEEP is contraindicated.
Pulmonary Embolism
-
Visceral Pleura
Inner Pleura
Parietal Pleura
Outer Pleura
Mediastinum
-
Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Coccyx
7-12-5-5
Hemoptysis
-
Asymmetrical movement vs. Paradoxical movement
-
***Traumatic Aortic Rupture
- Most common cause of immediate death from either motor vehicle or fall from heights
Usually due to rapid deceleration injury. 10% may survive for a few hours. Suspect with “ripping/tearing pain” and asymmetrical pulses/BP. Possible sternal contusion/flail sternum.
Tracheal or bronchial tree Injury
- Cause by penetrating/blunt Usually ruptures the trachea or bronchus near carina
SC emhpysema of the chest, face, neck. often with associated pneumo or hemo thorax
ET beyond site of injury is Tx.
Airway Obstruction
Foreign Body/Tongue/Aspiration of vomitus/blood/Airway swelling
- Snoring, gurgling, stridor, silence
Esophogeal Injury
Usually due to penetrating trauma. Difficult to assess in field, if unrecognized, may be lethal. Tx supportive, airway is critical
Diaphragmatic tears
Sever blow to the abdomen. Sudden increase in intraabdo pressure may tear diaphragm + herniation of adbo organs
BS may be diminshed on the affected side and infrquently bowel sounds may be auscultated in the chest. Abdo may appear scaphoid.
Traumatic Asphyxia
-
Commotio Cordis
Trauma to chest interrupts electrical signals, causes arrest
