test 1 Flashcards
(18 cards)
psychoactive drugs
drugs that alter thinking perception and memory
physical dependence
persons body becomes unable to function normally without drug, withdraw, tolerance, negative reinforcement
psychological dependence
feeling that a drug is needed to continue a feeling of emotional or psychological well being, postitive reinforcement
stimululants
drugs that increase the activity of the nervous system, include amphetamines, cocaine, nicotine, caffeine
depreseants
decrease the functioning of the nervous system, include barbiturates, benzodiazepines, alchol
narcotics
class of opium related drugs that suppress pain and mimic endorphins, include opium, morphine, heroin, methadone
hallucinogens
cause false sensory messages altering the perception of reality, include lsd pcp mdma, mescaline, psilocybin, marijuana
scientific method steps
- perceive, hypothesize, test, draw conclusions, report revise and replicate
descriptive methods
naturalistic observation, laboratory observation case studies, surveys
naturalistic oberservation
involves watching animals or people in their natural environments lack of control
laboratory observaiton
involves watching animals or people in an artificial but controlled situation such as a laboratory
case studies
detailed investigations of one subject information gained cannot be applied to other cases
surveys
ask standardized questions of large groups of people that represent a sample of the population of interest, respondents may not always tell the truth or remember information correctly
representative samples
randomly selected sample of subjects from a larger population of subjects
correlation
a measure of the relationship between two variables
positive correlation
variable related in same direction
ethics in psychological research
protection of rights and well being of participants, informed consent, justification when deception is used, right of participants to withdraw at any time, protection of participants form harm, confidentiality, debriefing participants at the end of the study, correcting any undesirable consequences that may result
animal research
answers questions we could never answer with human research, focus is on avoiding unnecessary pain/suffering, animals used in approximately 7% of psychological studies.
