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Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What CT has semi-solid matrix and a high density of collagen fibers?

A

fibrocartilage

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2
Q

What region is distal to radius?

A

Manual/manus

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3
Q

What is the smooth indentation on the cranial floor?

A

Cranial fossa

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4
Q

What unpaired flat bone includes the gladiolus?

A

Sternum

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5
Q

What epidermal stratum is most metabolically active?

A

Basale

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6
Q

What are the main parts of the connective tissue extracellular matrix?

A

Fibers, ground substance

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7
Q

Extreme stretching that rips dermis

A

striae

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8
Q

Damage caused by heat separating epidermis from dermis

A

blister

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9
Q

Gland types that use exocytosis

A

merocrine (eccrine), apocrine

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10
Q

Gland type where a portion of the cell breaks off

A

Apocrine

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11
Q

Gland type where tip of cell breaks off

A

apocrine

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12
Q

Study of cells

A

cytology

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13
Q

Produce sweat

A

Sweat glands

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14
Q

Produce oil (sebum)

A

sebaceous glands

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15
Q

Study of tissues

A

histology

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16
Q

Study of anatomy in different species

A

comparative anatomy

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17
Q

Cell that builds bone

A

osteoblast

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18
Q

Cell that resorbs bone

A

osteoclast

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19
Q

Cranial bone (paired)

A

temporal, parietal

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20
Q

Cranial bone (unpaired)

A

ethmoid, sphenoid, frontal, occipital

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21
Q

Dense CT covering around outside of compact bone

A

periosteum

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22
Q

Dense CT covering the inside (medullary) cavity of bone

A

endosteum

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23
Q

Function of skeletal muscle

A

moves bones

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24
Q

Function of smooth muscle

A

piloerection, move objects through hallow organs

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25
Short bones of hand
carpals
26
Short bone of foot
tarsals
27
Describe a female pelvis vs male?
wide with larger inlet
28
Describe the ulna
long bone, medial forearm bone, distal epiphysis is rounded head
29
Why do we use terms like anterior instead of “front of”
common language to remove ambiguity (according to anatomical position)
30
Briefly describe nervous tissue structure
glial cells, neurons, dendrites, axons
31
Briefly describe nervous tissue function
sending/receiving signals between tissues.
32
List four main steps in bone healing after a fracture
hematoma, soft callus, hard callus, remodeling
33
Surface anatomy
study of how internal structures relate to external structures
34
How many main tissue types occur in animals?
4
35
What membrane is formed by connective tissue only?
Synovial membrane
36
What intercellular junction facilitates movement of small molecules to adjacent cells?
Gap junction
37
Polarity
apical and basal surfaces attach to different things
38
Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth are types of what main tissue?
muscle
39
What is one of the main cell types in nervous tissue?
Neurons, neuroglia
40
What is the organic portion of the bone extracellular matrix?
Osteoid
41
How many bones are usually in an adult axial skeleton?
80
42
How does a short bone differ from a sesamoid bone?
sesamoid bones grow inside a tendon
43
Which layer has the highest concentration of osteoblasts?
osteogenic layer of periosteum
44
main function of skeletal joints?
Movement
45
What structural joint type connects articulating bones through dense connective tissue only?
Fibrous
46
What functional joint type occurs in the sutures of the skull?
synarthrotic
47
Manual
hand region (manus)
48
Acromial
tip of shoulder region (deltoid)
49
Characteristics of Epithelia
polarity, supported by CT, specialized junctions, avascular, regeneration
50
Classification of glands
Unicellular, multicellular; Endocrine, exocrine
51
Goblet cell
exocrine gland; unicellular
52
Glands that release hormones directly into the bloodstream.
endocrine glands
53
Glands that release their secretions through ducts to an external or internal surface.
exocrine glands
54
exocrine gland secretions
enzymes, sweat, oil, mucus
55
exocrine glands transport secretions through
ducts
56
Functional types of exocrine glands
merocrine (eccrine), apocrine, holocrine
57
Apocrine is a __ gland that secretes by __ of the cellular material.
sweat; losing a portion
58
Merocrine glands are __ glands that secrete __ __ cellular material and are the __ common.
sweat; without loosing; most
59
holocrine glands are__ __ glands where cells __ to release their contents.
sebaceous oil; rupture
60
Connective tissue originates from __ and is also known as __.
mesenchyme; embryotic
61
Most connective tissue is __ vascularized, dense connective tissue is __ vascularized, cartilage is __.
well; poorly; avascular
62
Connective tissue matrix
ground substance, fibers
63
Ground substance structure
interstitial fluid, proteoglycans
64
Connective tissue cell types (7)
adipocyte, chondroblast, fibroblast, hematopoietic stem cell, macrophage, mesenchymal cell, osteoblast
65
Membrane
thin barrier that separates two compartments
66
Major types of multi-tissue membranes (4)
cutaneous, mucous, serous, synovial
67
The cutaneous membrane is a type of epithelial tissue, located on the __. It's composition is __.
skin; dry
68
The mucous membrane is a type of epithelial tissue, located on the __. It's composition is __.
linings of open cavities; wet
69
The serous membrane is a type of epithelial tissue, located in __. It's composition is __ and it has __ layers.
closed ventral cavities; moist; 2
70
The synovial membrane is a type of epithelial tissue, found __. It's composition is __ .
covering joint cavities; wet
71
reaction to living tissue damage
inflammation
72
types of tissue damage
mechanical, chemical, biological, etc.
73
What happens when there is damage to tissues?
blood flow increases and capillaries become more permeable
74
Inflammation initiates the__, but excessive inflammation can cause health __.
healing process; problem

Anatomy (7 decks)

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