Test #1

Question 1

population

Answer 1

all the individuals of the same species living and interbreeding within a specific area and time.

Question 2

habitat

Answer 2

the natural environment where a particular species or organism lives and obtains the resources it needs to survive.

Question 3

niche

Answer 3

the specific role or position that an organism or species plays within its ecosystem, including its interactions with other organisms and its use of resources.

Question 4

ecosystem

Answer 4

a specific location on Earth characterized by interacting biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components.

Question 5

predation

Answer 5

the preying of one animal on others.

Question 6

commensalism

Answer 6

an association between two organisms in which one benefits and the other derives neither benefit nor harm.

Question 7

mutualism

Answer 7

a relationship between 2 organisms where both benefit.

Question 8

competition

Answer 8

the interaction where individuals or species vie for the same limited resources.

Question 9

interspecific competition

Answer 9

a form of competition where individuals of different species compete for the same limited resources in an ecosystem.

Question 10

intraspecific competition

Answer 10

a form of competition where members of the same species compete for limited resources.

Question 11

biodiversity

Answer 11

the variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem.

Question 12

biome

Answer 12

a large geographic region characterized by specific climate conditions, plant and animal life, and soil types.

Question 13

symbiosis

Answer 13

a close and long-term interaction between two or more different species, where one or more of the species benefits.

Question 14

abiotic factor

Answer 14

non living item

Question 15

biotic factor

Answer 15

living item

Question 16

quantitative data

Answer 16

data that uses numbers

Question 17

qualitative data

Answer 17

data that uses qualities and characteristics to describe.

Question 18

control

Answer 18

the constant variable and unchanged throughout the course of the ivnestigation

Question 19

ecology

Answer 19

the study of living organisms in their nonliving world

Question 20

ecological hierarchy

Answer 20

species, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere

Question 21

biosphere

Answer 21

earth

Question 22

potential energy

Answer 22

the energy stored

Question 23

kinetic energy

Answer 23

the energy in movement

Question 24

1st law of thermodynamics

Answer 24

energy is not created or destroyed.

Question 25

2nd law of thermodynamics

Answer 25

no reaction is 100% efficient. entropy is created after every transformation.

Question 26

entropy

Answer 26

disorder and chaos in a system

Question 27

phototrophs

Answer 27

organisms that use light to perform photosynthesis. (plants, phytoplankton)

Question 28

chemotrophs

Answer 28

organisms that use chemicals to perform chemosynthesis (bacteria)

Question 29

heterotrophs

Answer 29

organisms that consume to obtain energy (carnivores and herbivores)

Question 30

primary consumer

Answer 30

first level heterotroph, eat primary producers

Question 31

secondary consumer

Answer 31

organism that eats primary consumer

Question 32

tertiary consumer

Answer 32

organism that eats second level consumers

Question 33

food chain

Answer 33

a series of who eats who

Question 34

food web

Answer 34

a diagram of who eats whom for all organisms (the transfer of energy)

Question 35

gross primary productivity

Answer 35

the rate of photosynthesis taking place in an area

Question 36

net primary productivity

Answer 36

the biomass left over in a phototroph after photosynthesis and respiration takes place

Question 37

nitrogen fixation

Answer 37

taking nitrogen in air (N2) and changing to ammonia/um (NH3 and NH4+)

Question 38

nitrification

Answer 38

changing ammonia into nitrite, nitrate (NO2- & NO3-)

Question 39

assimilation

Answer 39

organisms use nitrate and ammonium and turn it back into nitrogen in the air.

Question 40

ammonification

Answer 40

decomposers release ammonia/ammonium (NH3 and NH4+)

Question 41

dentrification

Answer 41

taking nitrate and ammonium and turning it back into nitrogen

Question 42

sink

Answer 42

absorbs from the atmosphere and stores the element (ex: carbon)

Question 43

primary succession

Answer 43

when life colonizes a new area (newly formed volcanic rock).

Question 44

secondary succession

Answer 44

community change that occurs with land already formed

Question 45

lichen

Answer 45

a symbiotic relationship of a fungus and an algae

Question 46

aerobic

Answer 46

using oxygen

Question 47

anaerobic

Answer 47

using no oxygen