Test 1

Question 0

3 Reasons Why We Embalm

Answer 0

1. Disinfection
2. Preservation
3. Restoration

Question 1

Definition of Embalming

Answer 1

Process of chemically treating dead human body to reduce presence & growth of microorganisms.

Temporarily inhibit organic decomp

Restore acceptable appearance

Question 2

Define Reverence For The Dead

Answer 2

Ethical self evident truth that requires no proof

Honor the dead

Question 3

Ethical Performance Standard

Answer 3

Ethical Practice
Judicious Counsel-give advice, give realistic expectations
Body donation, autopsy- stay neutral 
Misrepresentation
Confidentiality 
Defamation of others
Accommodation for family
Identification
Proper car

Question 4

1st Period of Embalming

Who?
Time Frame?
Motive & Decline?

Answer 4

3200 B.C. --> Egyptians--> 650 AD
Motive-->Religious Reasons
                Preservation for resurrection
Decline-->Romans& Greeks rejected
                 Christianity , Pagans

Question 5

2nd Period of Embalming

Answer 5

650AD–>Europe–>1861
Motive–> Dissection for education
Preservation

Question 6

3rd Period of Embalming

Answer 6

Europe to US
1861 to present
Motive–>Funeral purposes
Available to everyone

Question 7

Father of Modern Embalming?

Answer 7

Dr. Thomas Holmes
Interested in body preservation
Civil war–> embalmed officers

Question 8

Embalming Chemicals Used During Civil War

Answer 8

Zinc Chloride–> wood preservative

arsenic–> silver grey metal, rat poison

Question 9

Define 4 Classifications of Embalming

Answer 9

1. Vascular–> arteries
2. Surface–> cream w/chemical to embalm
3. Hypodermic–> syringe w/cavity fluid & inject
4. Cavity Embalm

Question 10

Cause of Death vs. Manner of Death

Answer 10

Cause–> pancreatic cancer, blunt force trauma

Manner–> natural, suicide, homicide, accident, undetermined

Question 11

Federal, state & local regulatory considerations

Answer 11

Federal–> OSHA, FTC, EPA, CDC
State–> 149a
Local–> zoning laws

Question 12

What is the action level of formaldehyde?

Answer 12

0.5ppm

Question 13

When should limits of formaldehyde be tested?

Answer 13

1. Employee falls ill
2. There are any changes in procedure, equipment, chemicals
3. At or above 0.5ppm

Question 14

Maximum average exposure to formaldehyde is?

Answer 14

8 hours

Question 15

PEL

Answer 15

Permissible Exposure Limit

Question 16

TWA

Answer 16

Time-weighted Average

Over a period of 8 hours

Question 17

STEL

Answer 17

Short Term Exposure Level
15 minutes
Want it to be below 2ppm

Question 18

Safe Practice Controls Under Formaldehyde Standard

Answer 18

Recapping fluid bottles
Properly rinsing fluid bottles
Using care when handling & pouring chemicals to avoid spills
Keeping lid on hazardous waste containers

Question 19

Two Funeral Home Engineering Controls

Answer 19

1. Adequate Ventilation–> 12-20 air exchanges/Hr
2. Exhaust–> foot end & below table

Proper eyewash station
Proper drench shower

Question 20

Six point injection sites

Answer 20

2 carotids
2 axillliaries OR 2 brachial
2 femoral

Question 21

5 types of Vascular Injections

Answer 21

1. One point–> artery & vein @ one location
2. Split injection–> artery & vein @ different locations
3. Restricted Cervical Injection–> both R&L carotids raised
4. Multi point–> inject from 2 or more arteries
5. Six point–> 6 arteries raised

Question 22

Selection of an artery?

Answer 22

Artery deep or superficial? Age, gender, weight, fat distrib,
Artery close to aorta? Tumors, disease
Size of artery?
Positioning problems?
Will my sutures show?
Where will drainage come from?

Question 23

Artherosclerosis

Answer 23

Plaque builds up & artery is blocked by blood clot

Question 24

Veins

Answer 24

``` Thinner Valves Lumens Blue in color Walls collapse Vasa vasorum not visible ```

Question 25

Arteries

Answer 25

Thicker Creamy white Vasa vasorum visible Empty of blood

Question 26

Nerve

Answer 26

``` Solid Silvery white Striation/frays No blood Vasa vasorum not visible ```