Test 1

Question 1

Blood normally travels within the perforating veins

A. From the deep system to the superficial system
B. From the superficial system to the deep system
C. Only when valves are incompetent
D. Proximal to distal

Answer 1

B. From the superficial system to the deep system

Question 2

A patient with a thrombosis of the lower extremity may present with all the following symptoms except

A. Swelling
B. Dyspnea
C. Heaviness
D. Ulceration on the toes

Answer 2

D. Ulceration on the toes

Question 3

Which of the following contributes to venous blood return from the legs?

A. Pressure gradient to the heart
B. Respiration
C. Calf muscle pump
D All of the above

Answer 3

D. All of the above

Question 4

What is the primary complication from a DVT?

A. Pulmonary Embolism
B. Swelling
C. Pain
D. There is not one primary complication

Answer 4

A. Pulmonary Embolism

Question 5

The purpose of venous valves is to: ____________

Answer 5

“Keep blood from back-flowing distally”

Question 6

List two symptoms a patient with a pulmonary embolism might experience:

Answer 6

Dyspnea

Tachypnea

Question 7

What vein is formed in the groin when the femoral vein joins the deep femoral vein?

A. Great saphenous vein
B. Popliteal vein
C. Common femoral vein
D. None of the above

Answer 7

C. Common femoral vein

Question 8

What is the best way to search for the common femoral vin in the groin when performing a venous duplex exam?

A. Longitudinal view from medial to lateral
B. Longitudinal view from lateral to medial
C. Transverse view from medial to lateral
D. Transverse view from lateral to medial

Answer 8

D. Transverse view from lateral to medial

Question 9

How much of the body’s blood is stored in the veins?

A. 1/2
B. 2/3
C. 3/4
D. 1/3

Answer 9

B. 2/3 of the body’s blood

Question 10

During __________, pressure in the chest cavity increases and __________ in the abdominal cavity

A. expiration, decreases
B. inspiration, decreases
C. expiration, increases
D. inspiration, increases

Answer 10

A. expiration, decreases

Question 11

What are the two things that help circulate blood flow in the veins?

A. Hydrostatic pressure and perforators
B. Trendelenburg postion and augmentation
C. Calf muscle pump and respiration
D. Respiration and force of gravity

Answer 11

C. Calf muscle pump and respiration

Question 12

What happens to hydrostatic pressure the farther you get from the heart?

Answer 12

“Increases”

Question 13

Which of the following is the most medial structure in the groin?

A. CFV
B. CFA
C. DFV
D. Quadriceps muscle

Answer 13

A. Common femoral vein

Question 14

Which of the following means close to the feet?

A. Distal
B. Proximal
C. Medial
D. Lateral

Answer 14

A. Distal

Question 15

T/F. Duplication of the popliteal vein is more common than Duplication of the femoral vein.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

List three functions of veins

Answer 16

Thermoregulation, Carry deoxygenated blood, Blood storage

Question 17

_______________% of the venous volume in the legs should be ejected from one contraction of the calf muscle pump.

A. 40-60%
B. 10-20%
C. 20-30%
D. None of the above

Answer 17

A. 40-60%

Question 18

T/F. Edema is a sign of increased venous pressure

Answer 18

True

Question 19

T/F. Spontaneous venous signals are possible from a partially occlusive DVT.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

To examine the gastrocnemius veins, the transducer is placed:

A. On the anterior aspect of the thigh
B. On the posterior aspect of the thigh
C. Right behind the knee
D. Right above the ankle in the calf

Answer 20

C. Right behind the knee

Question 21

An aging thrombus in a vein may eventually

A. Totally resolve
B. Recanalize
C. Collateralize
D. Any of the above

Answer 21

D. Any of the above

Question 22

Upon inhalation, flow in the leg veins:

A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. Does not Change

Answer 22

B. Decreases

Question 23

Which finding during a venous duplex exam is least likely to be associated with an acute DVT?

A. Soft sponge like echoes within the vein
B. Collateral venous flow
C. Enlarge incompressible vein
D. Tail of thrombus that is not adhered to the vein wall

Answer 23

B. Collateral venous flow

Question 24

The number of valves ____________ as you move proximally.

Answer 24

decreases

Question 25

An embolus is A. A blood clot behind a valve B. A chronic blood clot C. A blood clot that breaks off and travels D. None of the above

Answer 25

C. A blood clot that breaks off and travels

Question 26

What term best describes a vessel that can expand and collapse? A. Rigid B. Compliant C. Resistant D. Non-compressible

Answer 26

B. Compliant

Question 27

When the cross-sectional area of the vein _____________ resistance increases. A. Increases B. Decreases

Answer 27

B. Decreases

Question 28

List the three components of Virchow's Triad

Answer 28

1. Stasis 2. Hypercoagulability 3. Endothelial injury

Question 29

Which of the following statements is true? A. The tibial veins are usually paired and do not accompany an artery B. The tibial veins are not usually evaluated in most lab protocols C. The tibial veins are located above the knee D. The tibial veins are usually paired and accompany an artery

Answer 29

D. The Tibial veins are usually paired and accompany an artery

Question 30

What is a common place for thrombus to form in the lower extremities after bedrest or a long trip? A.. CFV B. Soleal vein C. Sural vein D. PTVs

Answer 30

B. The soleal vein

Question 31

T/F. Phlebitis is inflammation of the vessel wall that is associated with a blood clot.

Answer 31

False

Question 32

When you have a patient hold their breath and "bear down" this is called the __________________.

Answer 32

Valsalva maneuver

Question 33

Explain why a superficial thrombosis (SVT) poses a lower risk for pulmonary embolism compared to a DVT.

Answer 33

"SVTs are not located deep within muscles where muscle contraction can break the thrombus (or pieces of thrombus) off to embolize to the lungs."

Question 34

The femoral vein used to be referred to as the A. Deep Femoral vein B. Superficial femoral vein C. short femoral vein D. none of the above

Answer 34

B. the superficial femoral vein

Question 35

What vein is formed in the calf when the peroneal and posterior tibial veins join together? A. tibioperoneal trunk B. Gastrocnemius vein C. Soleal Vein D. Small Saphenous vein

Answer 35

A. Tibioperoneal trunk

Question 36

What is the main vein that drains the blood flow from the calf? A. DFV B. FV C. POP V D. SSV

Answer 36

C. Popliteal vein

Question 37

T/F. In the reverse trendelenburg position, the patient's head is lower than the legs?

Answer 37

False

Question 38

What is the most common inherited hyper coagulable condition? A. Hypofibrinolysis B. Protein S deficiency C. Factor II (prothrombin) D. Factor V Leiden

Answer 38

D. Factor V Leiden

Question 39

What are three characteristics that may be encountered during a lower extremity venous duplex when the patient has a DVT.

Answer 39

Vessel walls not fully compressible Echogenic form visualized Vessel Walls largely dilated

Question 40

T/F. An acute thrombus is always totally occlusive.

Answer 40

False

Question 41

T/F. When standing, the transmural pressure is low.

Answer 41

False

Question 42

When scanning a patient, you see a vein that is not compressing completely and inside the lumen of the vein you see soft sponge-like echoes. What do these findings indicate? A. An acute DVT B. A chronic DVT C. No DVT

Answer 42

A. An Acute DVT

Question 43

What does DVT stand for?

Answer 43

Deep vein thrombosis

Question 44

List four risk factors of DVT

Answer 44

Pregnancy Obesity Hormone Replacement therapy

Question 45

What does VTE mean?

Answer 45

Venous Thrombolembolism

Question 46

When doing venous compressions of the CFV at eh SFJ, you notice that both the CFV and the GSV are fully compressible. Where should you move the probe next? A. Proximally, above the SFJ B. Distally, where the CFV splits into the femoral/deep femoral veins C. Over to the common femoral artery D. Over to investigate the lymph node

Answer 46

A. Proximally, above the SFJ