Week 1

Question 1

Name 3 things Veins do for our bodies

Answer 1

Carry deoxygenated blood, Store blood, Thermoregulate

Question 2

Where are Deep Veins found?

Answer 2

Muscular compartments, below the fascia

Question 3

Where are Superficial Veins?

Answer 3

Above the fascia, close to the skin

Question 4

What are the 3 different types of veins?

Answer 4

Deep, Superficial, Perforating

Question 5

Where can perforating veins be found?

Answer 5

connecting deep to superficial veins

Question 6

What is the term for when two veins come together?

Answer 6

Junction or confluence

Question 7

What is the superficial vein that runs the length of the thigh?

Answer 7

Great Saphenous Vein (GSV)

Question 8

What position should a patient be placed in bed for optimal scanning?

Answer 8

Reversed Trendelenburg

Question 9

What is a secondary position that can be used for optimal scanning?

Answer 9

Semi-Fowler

Question 10

What other two factors can you as a technologist mediate in order to assist in vein dilation?

Answer 10

• Keeping the patient warm (vein dilation)

- Keeping the patient relaxed (Tension = vasoconstriction)

Question 11

What is the term meaning “toward the head”?

Answer 11

Cephalad

Question 12

What is the term meaning “toward the tail”?

Answer 12

Caudad

Question 13

What is the longest vein in the body?

Answer 13

GSV

Question 14

In 70% of people, the SSV terminates into what vein?

Answer 14

Popliteal at the Saphenopopliteal junction

Question 15

In 30% of people, the SSV continues above the knee as what vein?

Answer 15

The vein of Giacomini

Question 16

What two bones does the ATV pass between?

Answer 16

The Tibia and the Fibula

Question 17

What is the structure that the ATV passes through?

Answer 17

The interosseous membrane

Question 18

Define acute thrombus

Answer 18

newly formed clotted blood within a vein; generally less than 14 days old

Question 19

Define chronic thrombus

Answer 19

clotted blood within a vein that has generally been present for a period of several weeks or months

Question 20

What is a valve?

Answer 20

an inward projection of the intimal layer of a vein wall producing two semilunar leaflets that prevent the retrograde movement of blood flow

Question 21

What was the name of the study, before ultrasound technology, used to look at veins?

Answer 21

Venography

Question 22

What is a major risk of venous duplex imaging?

Answer 22

It is extremely examiner-dependent

Question 23

What three things is the examiner trying to assess using venous duplex ultrasound?

Answer 23

1. the presence or absence of thrombus
2. The risk of the thrombus dislodging and traveling to the lungs
3. The competence of the contained valves

Question 24

What are the freeways of the venous system?

Answer 24

the deep veins

Question 25

Why is a thrombus in a deep vein likely to be dislodged?

Answer 25

Because the muscle surrounding the vein squeezes the vein; this action propels blood back to the heart, but can also dislodge a thrombus

Question 26

What is the main function of superficial veins?

Answer 26

to regulate body temperature by being close to the skin layer

Question 27

What results from non-functioning valves in perforating veins?

Answer 27

Blood pooling leading to possible venous ulcerations

Question 28

What does VTE stand for?

Answer 28

Venous thromboembolism

Question 29

How many cases of fatal PE occur annually?

Answer 29

200,000

Question 30

What is Virchow's triad?

Answer 30

1. Venous stasis 2. Vessel wall injury 3. Hypercoagulable state

Question 31

Venous thrombi commonly begin around what area? Why?

Answer 31

Around small valve cusps in the calf, because these are areas of slower blood flow (stasis)

Question 32

Name six symptoms of venous thrombosis

Answer 32

1. extremity pain 2. tenderness 3. swelling 4. venous destination 5. discoloration 6. palpable cord

Question 33

What blood test can be done to help determine a DVT?

Answer 33

D-dimer

Question 34

The lower extremity venous ultrasound exam is best started at what location in the body? a. Abdomen b. Upper thigh at crease c. Mid thigh d. Behind the knee

Answer 34

B. Upper thigh at crease

Question 35

What the best way to search for the common femoral vein (CFV) in the groin? a. Longitudinal view from medial to lateral b. Longitudinal view from lateral to medial c. Transverse view medial to lateral d. Transverse view lateral to medial

Answer 35

?? C. I think

Question 36

Which of the following is the most medial structure in the groin? a. Common femoral vein b. Common femoral artery c. Deep femoral vein d. Lymph node

Answer 36

B. Common Femoral Artery

Question 37

When doing venous compressions of the CFV at the saphenofemoral junction, you notice that both the CFV and the great saphenous veins are fully compressible. Where should you move the probe next? a. Proximally, above the saphenofemoral junction (SFJ) b. Distally, where the CFV splits into the femoral/deep femoral veins c. Over to the common femoral artery (CFA) d. Over to investigate the lymph node

Answer 37

B. Distally

Question 38

What is the best way to compress a vein with the transducer (probe)? a. Long view b. Coronal view c. Transverse view d. Oblique view

Answer 38

C. Transverse

Question 39

If you can compress the vein to where the near and far walls touch (fully compress), what does that mean? a. Now you can better see where the vein is b. There’s no deep vein thrombus (DVT) c. You’re strong d. There must be a DVT

Answer 39

B. No DVT

Question 40

When doing venous compressions, how often/where should you compress the vein? a. Three times each leg b. Every inch of the vein you’re checking c. Anywhere you think you see a thrombus d. No more than four times per vein

Answer 40

B. Every Inch

Question 41

Which of the following terms means “closer to the heart”? a. Lateral b. Medial c. Distal d. Proximal

Answer 41

D. Proximal

Question 42

What is the best position to place the patient for a venous duplex ultrasound exam? a. Supine, leg straight, with the feet slightly elevated b. Supine, leg turned to the side being examined, with the feet lower than the heart c. Sitting, with the leg on a chair d. Supine, weight shifted to the side being examined, leg turned out, feet lower than heart

Answer 42

D. Reverse Trendelenberg