Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

VenousClass > Week 4 > Flashcards

Week 4 Flashcards

(59 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

List two characteristics of acute DVT

A
  1. Soft Echoes

2. Non-compressable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

List the three components of Virchow’s Triad

A
  1. Stasis
  2. Endothelial Injury
  3. Hypercoagulability
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

T/F. Thrombophlebitis is the inflammation of a vessel wall.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Define the term hypercoagulable.

A

Increased ability to clot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Venous symptoms of a DVT include all of the following except

a. heaviness
b. swelling
c. cramping pain
d. all of the above are symptoms of a DVT

A

C. Cramping pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

List 5 risk factors for DVT

A

Hx of DVT, Pregnancy, Surgery/Trauma, Immobilization, Cancer, Oral contraceptives, Hormone replacement therapy, Obesity, Stroke, CHF, Long distance travel, Varicose veins, Age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does VTE stand for?

A

Venous Thromboembolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Define Blood clot

A

A thick viscous or coagulated mass of blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Define DVT

A

Deep vein thrombosis, a blood clot that forms in one of the deep veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Define Pulmonary Embolism

A

A blood clot that travels to the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Define Thrombosis

A

FORMATION of a blood clot in the heart or blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Define Thrombophlebitis

A

Inflammation of a vein associated with a blood clot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Define Phlebitis

A

Inflammation of a vein wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is Virchow’s Triad?

A

the primary mechanism for the formation of venous thrombosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Who is the father of cellular pathology?

A

Rudolph Virchow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the three components of Virchow’s Triad?

A

Stasis, Hypercoagulability, Endothelial Injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Define and name examples of Stasis

A

Immobility
Prolonged travel, Obesity, Heart or respiratory failure, Pregnancy, Stroke, Advanced Age, Recent surgery / bedrest, Varicose Veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Name examples of Vessel wall injury

A

Surgery, Trauma, Catheters/lines, IV drug use, previous venous thrombosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Why do clots frequently form around venous valves?

A

Blood along vein walls moves slower than in the interior of the lumen, and moves even slower around valve flaps.
slow velocity blood increases clotting chance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Define hypercoagulability

A

Increased ability to clot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the two ways people become hypercoagulable?

A

Inherited blood disorders

Acquired hypercoagulability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Name 4 Inherited blood disorders that can result in hypercoagulability.

A
  • Factor V Leiden
  • Anti-thrombin deficiency
  • Protein C or S deficiency
  • Prothrombin 20210 mutation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Name 4 ways of acquired hypercoagulability.

A
  • Oral Contraceptives
  • Hormone therapy
  • Pregnancy
  • Malignancy (Cancer)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are 4 signs and symptoms of DVT?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • pain
  • tenderness
  • swelling
  • Palpable cord
25
Define Homan's sign
- with the knee extended, the pt's foot is forcefully dorsiflexed - this produces pain in 35% of patients with DVT
26
Compare and contrast venous vs arterial signs and symptoms
1. Pain - Venous = ache, heaviness, relieved with elevation Arterial = cramping or weakness with walking, relieved with rest 2. Swelling - Venous = ankle, calf, thigh Arterial = None 3. Ulceration - Venous = gaiter area, not very painful Arterial = on feet or toes, extremely painful
27
Name some risk factors for DVT
DVT Hx, Pregnancy, Surgery / Trauma, Stasis, Cancer, Oral contraceptives, Hormone replacement therapy, Obesity, Stroke, CHF, Long travel, Variose Veins, Age
28
What is the most common inherited hypercoagulable condition?
Factor V Leiden
29
Why is pregnancy a risk factor for DVT?
Baby compresses the IVC resulting in decreased flow from the lower extremities
30
What does ORIF stand for?
Open reduction, Internal fixation
31
Define Pulmonary Embolism
a dislodged piece of clot that travels to the lungs blocking the pulmonary artery and deprives the lung tissue from blood
32
What is the primary complication of DVT?
PE
33
Why is PE so concerning?
It is the leading cause of preventable hospital mortality in the United States, 10% of all hospital deaths, 200,000 cases of fatal PE annually
34
Name the symptoms of PE
CP, dyspnea (SOB), Hemoptysis, Tachypnea, Dyspnea, Syncope, Tachycardia
35
What does SVT stand for?
Superficial Vein Thrombosis
36
Define SVT
a thrombus that forms in a superficial vein
37
Why is the risk of PE low from a SVT?
muscles don't squeeze superficial veins to force the thrombus to embolise
38
What are the characteristics of DVT on ultrasound?
1. Vein lumen completely or partially filled with echogenic material 2. Vein is non or partially compressible 3. Reduced or absent augmentation and/or respiratory response 4. Dilatation of Vein
39
What must be present to DEFINITIVELY determine if there is a thrombus?
presence of echogenic material, lack of full compression
40
What are 4 possible reasons for a vein to be non-compressible?
1. Bearing down 2. Depth 3. Body Habitus 4. Severe Swelling
41
What are the characteristics of a totally occlusive DVT?
DVT consumes the entire lumen, No flow is seen, Vessel is non-compressible
42
What are the characteristics of a partially/non-occlusive DVT?
DVT that is not completely filling the vein, Some flow is seen, Vessel is partially compressible
43
How does a doppler reveal a DVT?
Not spontaneous flow, Reduced/poor augmentation, continuous or reduced phasic flow
44
What are the characteristics of an ACUTE DVT?
- Lightly echogenic or hypoechoic - Poorly adhered to the vessel wall - Spongy texture and appearance - Dilated - Unstable
45
What is Echogenicity?
How bright or low echoes are
46
Define Hypoechoic
lacking echoes/ low level echoes
47
What is important about a an acute free floating DVT?
proximal end not adhered to vessel wall, DO NOT augment, DO NOT compress extremely hard
48
What are the characteristics of a CHRONIC DVT?
- Age 6 months or older - clot starts to turn into fibrous tissue - more stable than acute DVT - thrombus contracted from body dissolving the thrombus - Recanalized
49
What is recanalization?
A thrombus that firms up and has blood flow through and around the clot
50
What are the characteristics of a sub-acute DVT?
- Thrombus between acute and chronic age - Thrombus becoming more adhered - Vessel less dilated - Mixture of hyper and hypoechoic material
51
A blood clot that travels to the lungs = _________
Pulmonary Embolism
52
A thick viscous or coagulated mass of blood = _______
Blood clot
53
FORMATION of a blood clot in the heart or blood vessels
Thrombosis
54
Inflammation of a vein associated with a blood clot
Thrombophlebitis
55
Inflammation of a vein wall
Phlebitis
56
the primary mechanism for the formation of venous thrombosis
Virchow's Triad
57
a thrombus that forms in a superficial vein
SVT
58
DVT consumes the entire lumen, No flow is seen, Vessel is non-compressible
totally occlusive DVT
59
DVT that is not completely filling the vein, Some flow is seen, Vessel is partially compressible
partially/non-occlusive DVT

VenousClass (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions