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Anatomy Lecture- Exam 1 > TEST 1 INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM > Flashcards

TEST 1 INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

What is integument?

A

Skin

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2
Q

What are the three characteristics of the epidermis?

A

Most superficial layer, avascular, and keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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3
Q

What do holocrine glands excrete?

A

Oil

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4
Q

What is a comedo? What is an opened and closed comedo?

A

Sebum plugged sebaceous gland. Opened=black head, closed=white head

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5
Q

What does the sebaceous gland secrete?

A

Produce oily secretion which coats epidermis and hair

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6
Q

What colors does hemoglobin give off?

A

Pink or blue

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7
Q

What are tactile cells?

A

Sense touch

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8
Q

What kind of tissue does the reticular have?

A

Dense irregular CT

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9
Q

What are the five stratum of the dermis? (Deep to superficial)

A

Stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum

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10
Q

What is the function of the nails?

A

Protection of the digits

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11
Q

What is friction ridges? And example

A

Folds in epidermis for grasping ex. Fingertips

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12
Q

What does thick skin contain?

A

Swear glands only

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13
Q

What does the reticular layer contain?

A

Blood vessels, collagen, hair follicles, glands and nerves

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14
Q

How does the integumentary system use sensory perception?

A

Tactile cells (Merkle cells)

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15
Q

What is the anatomy of apocrine gland?

A

Large coiled tubes

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16
Q

What is a cyst?

A

Fluid filled nodule

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17
Q

How does the integumentary system use metabolic regulation?

A

The UV rays turn into vitamin d which turns into calcium and phosphorus and is absorbed

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18
Q

What are the three types of hair?

A

Lanugo, vellus, terminal

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19
Q

What are the two characteristics of the hypodermis?

A

Deepest, highly vascularized

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20
Q

What does the papillary layer contain?

A

Dermal papillae and epidermal ridges, capillaries and sensory receptors

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21
Q

How does the integumentary system use excretion/secretion?

A

Perspiration and sebum (oily substance used for lubrication)

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22
Q

What connective tissue is found in the papillary layer?

A

Aerolar CT

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23
Q

What is terminal hair?

A

Coarse, pigmented and longer

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24
Q

what are the three regions of of hair?

A

Shaft, bulb, and root

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25
Q

What pigments are found in skin?

A

Hemoglobin, melanin, carotene

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26
Q

How many layers is stratum granulosum?

A

3-5 layers

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27
Q

What is a nevus? And an example

A

Overgrowth of melanocytes EX. Mole

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28
Q

How many layers are there in thin skin?

A

4

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29
Q

What are the layers of CT in the dermis?

A

Papillary layer and reticular layer

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30
Q

What is a nodule?

A

Deeper pus filled legion

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31
Q

What are epidermal dendritic cells?

A

Trigger immune response

32
Q

What does Merocrine excrete?

A

Watery solution on skin

33
Q

How many layers are there in stratum basale?

A

1 layer

34
Q

What are the cells like in stratum lucidum?

A

Pale and featureless

Filled with eleiden

35
Q

How many layers are there in stratum corneum?q

A

20-30

36
Q

What strata are nails derived from?

A

Stratum corneum

37
Q

How many layers are in stratum spinosum?

A

Several

38
Q

What do sudoriferous glands excrete?

A

Sweat

39
Q

What are the three layers of the integumentary system starting from most superficial?

A

Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis

40
Q

What’s happening with the cells in stratum granulosum?

A

Keratinzation, squamous, dying, strong and water insoluable

41
Q

What do apocrine glands excrete?

A

Proteins that feed bacteria that become stinky

42
Q

What muscle is attached to each strand of hair?

A

Arrector pilli muscle

43
Q

What is a hemangioma? And example

A

Proliferation of blood vessels ex. Strawberry birthmark

44
Q

What tissues are found in the hypodermis?

A

Aerolar and adipose CT

45
Q

What are the six functions of hair?

A

Protection, heat retention, expression, sensory reception, visual identification, chemical signal dispersal

46
Q

Where is thick skin found?

A

Palms, fingers, toes, soles

47
Q

What is the structure of hair?

A

Columns of keratinocytes

48
Q

How many layers are found in thick skin?

A

5

49
Q

Is the reticular layer superficial or deep? Is it the majority of the dermis?

A

Deep. Yes it is the majority

50
Q

What are the three accessory organs?

A

Nails, hair, glands

51
Q

What does thin skin contain?

A

Sweat and sebaceous glands, hair follicles

52
Q

What is eleiden?

A

Intermediate keratin maturation product

53
Q

What is stratum basale the site of?

A

Mitosis

54
Q

What are melanocytes?

A

Produce and store melanin

55
Q

What are accessory organs?

A

Structure that grow from invagintions of the epidermis

56
Q

How does the integumentary system use immune defense?

A

Epidermal dendritic cells (langerhans cells)

57
Q

What 3 variations can happen on the epidermis?

A

Thickness, color, markings

58
Q

is the papillary layer superficial or deep?

A

Superficial

59
Q

What are the three phases of hair growth?

A

Anagen (longest period), Catagen, telolgen.

60
Q

What colors does melanin give off?

A

Dark, increase with UV exposure

61
Q

What is Lanugo hair?

A

Fine, unpigmented, found on fetus

62
Q

What is a Papule?

A

Dome shaped fluid filled pustule

63
Q

What are the seven functions of the integumentary system?

A

Protection, prevents water loss, temperature regulation, metabolic regulation,immune defense, sensory perception, and excretion/secretion

64
Q

What three cells are found in stratum basale?

A

Keratinocytes, melanocytes, and tactile cells

65
Q

Where is the dermis found?

A

Deep to epidermis

66
Q

Where is thin skin found?

A

Most of the body

67
Q

Merocrine anatomy

A

Small coiled tubules

68
Q

What cells are found in stratum spinosum?

A

Specialized non-dividing keratinocytes
Desmosomes
Epidermal dendritic cells

69
Q

What are the cells like in stratum corneum?

A

Dead keratinocytes, microorganisms

70
Q

What are the three functions of the hypodermis?

A

protection, energy storage, insulation

71
Q

What are keratinocytes?

A

Divisible, produce keratin

72
Q

How many layers are in stratum lucidum?

A

2

73
Q

What are two examples of modified apocrine glands?

A

Creminous glands and mammary glands

74
Q

What are the cells in nails derived from?

A

They are densely packed with hard keratin

75
Q

Of the five strata, which one is only seen with thick skin?

A

Stratum lucidum

76
Q

What colors does carotene give off?

A

Yellow/orange from food

77
Q

What is vellus hair?

A

Fine, lightly pigmented, all over body

Anatomy Lecture- Exam 1 (8 decks)

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