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Biology > Test 1- Kingdoms > Flashcards

Test 1- Kingdoms Flashcards

1
Q

Are plants multicellular?

A

Yes

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2
Q

Phloem

A

Vascular tissue that transports sugar and nutrients throughout the plant

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3
Q

Xylem

A

Vascular tissue that transports water throughout a plant

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4
Q

What does water provide for protistan seaweed?

A
  • a buoyancy effect; holds the Protista upright
  • abundance of water
  • Nutrients
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5
Q

Where do large multicellular protistan seaweed live?

A

Aquatic environments

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6
Q

Chlorophyll a and b

A

Found in the chloroplast and used in photosynthesis

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7
Q

What is the primary food source of plants (storage)

A

Starch

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8
Q

Autotrophic

A

Undergo photosynthesis to make its own foods (sugars)

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9
Q

Are plants eukaryotic or prokaryotic

A

Eukaryotic (the cells have a nucleus)

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10
Q

Cellulose

A

Material which the plant cell wall s made of

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11
Q

Anamalia classification

A
  • heterotrophic
  • multicellular
  • eukaryotic cells
  • no cell wall
  • only kingdom with nervous and muscle tissues
  • most organisms reproduce sexually
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12
Q

Taxon grouping of animals based on:

A

Body symmetry

Presence and development of body cavity coelom

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13
Q

MOST animals with movement have..

A

Bilateral symmetry

Sense organs at the front end

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14
Q

Plants need these to obtain water

A

Roots

Vascular tissue

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15
Q

How do plants get the structural support that they need?

A

Cellulose and tough lignin(chemical compound) from their cell wall

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16
Q

Plants prevent water loss in air by:

A

Waxy cuticle (layer)
Stomata, small pored under leaves that open and close
Photosynthesis

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17
Q

Plants reproductive strategy

A

Pollen
Nectar
Fruit
Seeds

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18
Q

Photosynthesis

A

How plants obtain their food:

Sunlight + CO2 + H2O –> O2 + C6H12O6

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19
Q

Major plant phyla groups

A 
Protista: chlorophyta: not a plant
Bryophyta: low growing mosses 
Pteridophyta: ferns, spores
Coniferophyta: pine tree
Anthophyta: deciduous ( a tree that sheds its leaves annually): maple
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20
Q

Protista

A

Are mostly single celles but always eukaryotes

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21
Q

Amoebozoa

A

Phyla of Protista that has pseudopodia (arms)

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22
Q

Ciliophora

A

Phyla of Protista w rigid shape pellicle(a thin skin or membrane) and
Cilia abundant

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23
Q

Plant like

A

Phyla of Protista containing chlorophyll, is autotrophic, is the cause of 50-75% of all photosynthesis on earth have cell walls algae

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24
Q

Euglena

A

Phyla of Protista, Unicellular, has eyespot to sense light which helps in photosynthesis

25
Q

Chlorophyta

A

Phylum of Protista that’s a unicellular green algae (evolved into plants)
- not a plant

26
Q

Phaeophyta

A

Phylum of Protista that’s a multicellular brown algae… kelp forests

27
Q

Fungus like

A

Obtain food by absorbing nutrients from dead organic matter… water and slime moulds

28
Q

Fungi classification

A 
Heterotrophic 
Eukaryotic 
Multicellular 
Cell wall made of chitin
Mycelium not roots
29
Q

Viral replication:lysogenic cycle

A

The viral DNA becomes part of host DNA and replicates as the cell goes thru mitosis and stays unharmed in the cells until it is activated(delayed symptoms)

30
Q

Lytic cycle

A

Method of viral replication where once virus injects itself into the host cell it takes over the cell and destroys host DNA. Virus then makes clones of original and host cell breaks open (immediate symptoms)

31
Q

What do bacteria produce?

A

Antibiotics

32
Q

Bacteria characteristics

A

Single celles
Prokaryotic
DNA is a single chromosome
Cell wall made of protein carbohydrate

33
Q

How are bacteria classified by shape?

A

Coccus- spherecal
Bacillus- rod shaped
Spirillum- spiral

34
Q

How is bacteria classified by stain

A

How bacterias cell wall reacts to the stain

  • Gram positive= stain purple, means they have a thick protein layer on their cell wall
  • Gram negative= stain pink, means they have a thin protein layer on their cell wall
35
Q

Diatomite

A

Mineral created from the silicified cell wall of diatoms

36
Q

What can diatomite make in society?

A

Swimming pool filters, nail polish, cat litter, insulation

37
Q

How can amoeba move

A

By growing extensions of their plastic membranes (pseudopodia) in the direction they want to go and then flow into it

38
Q

How to amoeba eat

A

Engulf food in pseudopodia

39
Q

Function of a euglena eyespot

A

Sense light so it can move to the light and photosynthesize

40
Q

Cilia dual role

A

Locomotion and sweeping food particles into the cell

41
Q

Macronucleus

A

Controls respiration and other daily functions

42
Q

Micronucleus

A

Contains the genetic information and helps in the reproduction process

43
Q

Mollusca

A

Clams snails octopus

44
Q

Anthropoda

A 
Insecta, Arachnida, Crustacea 
Jointed legs
Body divided into segments (head thorax abdomen)
Exoskeleton made of chitin 
Insects are pollinators
45
Q

Echinodermata

A

Sea star
Radial symmetry
Spiny exoskeleton
Some starfish are important in controlling populations

46
Q

Chordata

A

Sharks rays
Cartilaginous skeleton cartalige instead of bone
2 chambered heart

47
Q

Porifera

A

Sponge
Non mobile
No organ system or mouth–> ocula opening where food is filtered through
Chemicals that recycle

48
Q

Cnidaria

A 
Jellyfish corals
2layers of cells 
stinging structure called nematocysts 
Simple digestion 
Provide habitats and protect coastal regions
49
Q

Platyhelminthes

A

Tapeworm
3 layers of cells
Simple nervous system (eyespot on head)

50
Q

Annelida

A

Earthworms leeches
Segment allows for flexibility in movement
True coelom
Important decomposers

51
Q

Importance of ecosystem diversity

A

Animals eat different plants

52
Q

Importance of species diversity

A

Different roles

53
Q

Importance of genetic diversity

A

Evolution

54
Q

6 kingdoms

A

Anamalia, bacteria, plantae, Protista, fungi, archaea

55
Q

Are bacteria eukaryotes or prokaryotes

A

Prokaryotes

56
Q

Archaea prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

A

Prokaryotic

57
Q

Do bacteria and archaea have cell walls

A

Yes

58
Q

Unicellular kingdoms

A

Bacteria
Archaea
Most Protista

Biology (6 decks)

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