Test 1 Review

Question 1

Licensure

Answer 1

Based on laws passed by state legislature that define minimum requirements for practice

Done through: NCLEX, Licensure by endorsement, Continuing education credits

Question 2

SMART Goals

Answer 2

S- specific
M- measurable
A- achievable 
R- realistic
T- timely

Question 3

Modifiable Risks for Heart Disease

Answer 3

Personal Habits: Smoking, Physical Innactivity, Obesity
Hypertension, High Cholesterol
Psychological

Something that the patient can change in order to lower their risk of getting heart disease

Question 4

Non-modifiable Risks for Heart Disease

Answer 4

Age
Gender
Ethnicity
Genetics/ Family Hx

Elements that an individual cannot change in order to prevent the development of heart disease (living with the cards you have been dealt)

Question 5

Cardiac Labs used to rule out Atherosclerosis

Answer 5

Total Cholesterol

Triglycerides

Question 6

Total Cholesterol

Answer 6

X

Question 7

High Density Lipoproteins

Answer 7

X > 45mg/dL in men

X> 55mg/dL in women

Question 8

Low Density Lipoproteins

Answer 8

X

Question 9

Triglycerides

Answer 9

The major form of fat stored by the body. A triglyceride consists of three molecules of fatty acid combined with a molecule of the alcohol glycerol.
X

Question 10

Unstable Angina

Answer 10

Does not go away when the patient sits down and rests

Question 11

Stable Angina

Answer 11

Cardiac pain that goes away when activity is ceased and the patient rests

Question 12

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Answer 12

A permanent obstruction of airflow

Can be caused by: Emphysema (alveolar problem) or Chronic Bronchitis (inflammation of the bronchioles)

Question 13

Emphysema

Answer 13

A loss of lung elasticity leading to an abnormal accumulation of air in the alveoli . This enlargement/over-stretching can damage the alveoli to a point that CO2 begins to hang around/ be retained. This excess CO2 then becomes that patient’s drive to breath as chronic respiratory acidosis sets in due to the patient’s inability to exhale quick enough.
Pt relies on accessory muscles to breath and too high levels of O2 can prove fatal…

Question 14

Bullae

Answer 14

The collapse of small bronchioles

Question 15

Chronic Bronchitis

Answer 15

Inflammation of the bronchi and bronchioles caused by chronic exposure to irritants (I.e. Smoking, asthmatic triggers). This in turn increases mucous production causing secretions to build up and decreases the number of functional cilia which are “killed off” by excessive CO2

Question 16

Cystic Fibrosis Nursing Priorities

Answer 16

Ineffective breathing pattern r/t presence of mucous/infection
NUTRITION: high calorie diet with small, frequent meals and vitamin supplementation
PANCREATIC ENZYMES: the pancreatic duct is unable to secrete “thick” enzymes (lipase, amylase, trysin) needed to digest carbohydrates, fats, and proteins
DIABETES MANAGEMENT: 75% of CF PT’s end up with glucose intolerances (many become insulin dependent)
TRANSPLANT: A new lung/pancreas can extend a person’s life by 10-20 years
*AIRWAY MAINTENANCE: chest physiotherapy, active breathing, hydration, mucolytics, antibiotics, steroids, humidified oxygen, SpO2 monitoring

Question 17

Credentialing

Answer 17

The process of determining and maintaining competence in nursing

Done through: Accreditation, Licensure, Certification, and Registration