Test 1 review flashcards

Question 1

What are characteristics of anxious-ambivalent attachment ?

Answer 1

desire to merge with others and individual concern of other’s reluctance to get close to them

Question 2

what are characteristics of avoidant attachment

Answer 2

not trusting or depending on others; hence being. less likely to seek support from others during times of stress.
Also, Avoidant attachment is associated with little separation anxiety and a tendency to resist contact with the parent

Question 3

What is disorganized attachment style ?

Answer 3

mixed separation anxiety and a tendency for the infant to resist and have a dazed behavior

Question 4

What are behavior for anxious-ambivalent attachment in infants?

Answer 4

strong separation anxiety and a tendency for the infant to resist contact with the parent after separation

Question 5

Describe the behavior of infants for secure attachment

Answer 5

some separation anxiety and a tendency for the infant to seek contact with the parent after separation

Question 6

What are schemas?

Answer 6

Schemas are knowledge structures that determine one’s expectations in different contexts, including social interactions.

Question 7

What are Heuristics ?

Answer 7

heuristics: cognitive rules of thumb that offer shortcuts to reasoning and problem solving.

Question 8

What is the function of parietal lobe?

Answer 8

The primary function of the parietal lobe is the integration of sensory information.

Question 9

what is function of hippocampus?

Answer 9

memory encoding

Question 10

what is function of prefrontal cortex

Answer 10

The prefrontal cortex is involved in executive functioning and decision making

Question 11

what is function of amygdala ?

Answer 11

amygdala: emotional encoding

Question 12

For psychodynamic theory, distinguish between id, ego and superego

Answer 12

id: the unconscious, impulsive part of our personality driven by instincts and desires; uses pleasure principle
ego: conscious part of your personality that mediates between the id and the superego and makes decisions (rationalization)
superego: judgmental and morally correct part of your personality; incorporates internalized societal values and standards

Question 13

what is projection ?

Answer 13

Projection occurs when someone attributes unacceptable thoughts or behaviors within themself to another person

Question 14

what is reaction formation ?

Answer 14

Reaction formation involves minimizing uncomfortable thoughts or emotions by overemphasizing their opposite.
(ex: patient insists upon his admiration and love for his partner, even while struggling with feelings of envy and inferiority.)

Question 15

what is rationalization ?

Answer 15

involves creating a seemingly logical explanation for otherwise unacceptable behavior

Question 16

What is emotional displacement?

Answer 16

shifting the focus of emotion from a less to more acceptable target

Question 17

what is positive punisher ?

Answer 17

A positive punisher decreases the frequency of the preceding behavior by introducing an aversive stimulus.

Question 18

What is a negative punisher ?

Answer 18

negative punisher decreases the frequency of the preceding behavior by removing an appetitive stimulus.

Question 19

What are the characteristics of a bureaucracy ?

Answer 19

According to Weber’s conceptualization of ideal bureaucracy, a formal organization requires specialization in a limited number of tasks, Employment based on technical qualifications;
Decisions are based on an organizational hierarchy. Evaluation of performance and skills based on standardized rules and procedures.

Question 20

What is standard deviation ?

Answer 20

Standard deviation is a measure of variance
SD can be indicative of consistency of the scores in a data set.

Question 21

What is Weber’s law ?

Answer 21

Weber’s law states that the minimum change in intensity necessary for the subject to sense that the stimulus has changed is a ratio of the original stimulus intensity.
ex: As more sugar is added, subtle changes in the sweetness of wine can be detected by both experts and novices

Question 22

What is Absolute Threshold ?

Answer 22

Absolute threshold refers to the smallest amount of physical stimulation required to detect a sensory input half the time it is present.

Question 23

What is the function of acetylcholinesterase ?

Answer 23

acetylcholinesterase is an enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine.
In breaking down acetylcholine, acetylcholinesterase decreases activity of acetylcholine within the synapse.

Question 24

what happens if acetylcholinesterase is inhibited?

Answer 24

Consequently, by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase, it will slow acetylcholine degradation. This will maintain acetylcholine activity within the synaptic cleft for a longer duration.

Question 25

What is vertical mobility ?

Answer 25

Vertical mobility indicates a change in someone’s socioeconomic status.

Question 26

What is horizontal mobility ?

Answer 26

Horizontal mobility would represent an individual’s change of role within the same social class.