Flashcards in Test 2 Deck (74)
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Stratification
Perpetuation of privilege across generations
1
What are the dimensions of privilege?
wealth, social power, social status/prestige
2
Wealth
Value of everything you own
3
Income
What you make
4
Social power
Ability of groups to influence things
5
Why don't those with less just take more?
Coercion (army)
Ideology of inequality making it "fair" (more stable)
6
Ideology
Belief system that supports the status quo
7
Inequality
Unequal shares; mathematical judgement
8
Inequity
Unfair shares; social judgement
9
Why does inequality exist? Functionalist theory
Serves purpose; some activists more important/need more skill; upper class needed for cohesion; inequality motivates people
10
Problems with functionalist theory of inequality
Doesn't address intergenerational/privilege or how much inequality is necessary and ignores negative effects
11
Power theories of inequality
Competition and conflict- power elites shape an inequality society in their favor
12
What are the systems of inequality?
Estate- land ownership
Caste- born into
Clan- families have privilege
Social class- individual capitalism; mobility varies
13
Marx theory
Workers relationship to means of production in a transition from feudalism to capitalism
14
Weber's critique of Marx
Too much emphasis on economics and wealth; too little emphasis on social prestige and power (MLK)
3 dimensions: class, status, power
15
Global stratification
Capitalist world order since 1600 but increases now because of development dependence and neocolonialism
16
Ways to measure social class
Subjective- ask people where they belong
Reputational- what family is most prominent
Objective- measure income, education, etc
17
Marxian social class scheme
Based on ownership not wealth
18
Erik wrights elaboration of Marx
Capitalists
Pretty bourgeousie
Managers
Proletariat
19
Dennis Gilbert & Joseph Kahl
Capitalist (old money, new money)
Upper middle income
Lower middle income
Working class
Working poor
Underclass
20
Lifestyle
Quality of life (car, school, food)
21
Life chances
Probability of child death, life expectancy, etc
22
Poverty line
Amount of money needed for basic needs (food x 3)
23
American ideology of poverty vs reality
Rags to riches & unlimited opportunity; meritocracy
Reality: limited mobility, increased inequality, decreasing middle class & discrimination
24
Why was there no sense of impoverishment?
Credit card debt; $179 in 1968, $9099 in 2012; forestalls the notion of a bad economy
25
Causes of poverty
Demand-side: strength of economy, globalization, wage levels, technology substitutes
Supply side: family structure, individual decisions, skill mismatch, culture of poverty
26
Culture of poverty
People like being poor, absence of work value, stay in impoverished area, too many kids
27
Life course
Connection between people's personal attributes, roles, life events and the social/historical aspects
28
Age is what type of status?
Transitional
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