Test 2

Question 1

The time for one Earth rotation

Answer 1

Day

Question 2

The time for one Earth orbit around the sun

Answer 2

Year

Question 3

The approximate time for the moon to orbit Earth

Answer 3

Month

Question 4

How could people of ancient times tell the time of the year?

Answer 4

They built ancient structures as a calendar to aid in farming and hunting

Question 5

What two ways do planets move across the sky?

Answer 5

1. Direct Motion

2. Retrograde Motion

Question 6

What is Direct Motion?

Answer 6

Normal eastward movement

Question 7

What is Retrograde Motion?

Answer 7

Occasional westward movement

Question 8

What did Aristotle assert about the universe?

Answer 8

Asserted that the universe is governed by physical laws

Question 9

How did Aristotle describe the model of the universe?

Answer 9

The Earth is at the center of the universe

Question 10

What contributions did Copernicus add to astronomy?

Answer 10

1. Developed a mathematical modal for a sun-centered solar system
2. Proposed the retrograde motion was really a result of parallax

Question 11

What is the apparent motion of a body due to motion of the observer

Answer 11

Parallax

Question 12

What contributions to astronomy did Tycho Brahe make?

Answer 12

He made precise measurements of the positions of the planets

Question 13

What did Kepler describe about planetary orbits?

Answer 13

The orbit of a planet about the sun is an ellipse

Question 14

What are Kepler’s three laws?

Answer 14

1. The orbit of a planet about the sun is an ellipse with the sun at one focus
2. A line joining a planet and the sun sweeps out equal areas in equal intervals of time
3. The closer the planet is to the sun in its orbit, the faster it moves. The further away, the slower it moves

Question 15

What happens as the planets get closer to the sun during their orbits?

Answer 15

They move faster

Question 16

What is the average distance of the earth from the sun?

Answer 16

Astronomical Unit

Question 17

What was Galileo the first to use?

Answer 17

Telescope

Question 18

What were Galileo’s discoveries?

Answer 18

The moons of Jupiter, the moon

Question 19

What is speeding up?

Answer 19

Acceleration

Question 20

What is the gravitational constant times the product of masses divided by the square of distance between the masses?

Answer 20

Force

Question 21

What is the energy of motion?

Answer 21

Kinetic Energy

Question 22

What is stored energy?

Answer 22

Potential Energy

Question 23

What is heat energy?

Answer 23

Thermal Energy

Question 24

What are Newton’s Three Laws?

Answer 24

1. Law on Inertia
2. F=ma
3. Action=Reaction

Question 25

What is the Law of Inertia?

Answer 25

A body remains at rest or moves in a straight line at a constant speed unless acted upon by a force

Question 26

What is F=ma?

Answer 26

The amount of acceleration that a force produces depends on the mass of the object being accelerated

Question 27

What is Action=Reaction?

Answer 27

Whenever one body exerts a force on a second body, the second body exerts an equal and opposite force on the first body

Question 28

What is the force of gravity?

Answer 28

F=G(mass 1 x mass 2)/ d squared

Question 29

What are two ways an object can be "weightless?"

Answer 29

1. The space shuttle and space stations are falling towards the earth 2. When going to the moon the distance from the earth increases, the force of gravity decreases

Question 30

What did Einstein say about the laws if physics and the observers?

Answer 30

They are the same for all observers, no matter what their motion, as long as they are not accelerated

Question 31

How is time affected by speed?

Answer 31

Time "moves" slower the faster an object goes

Question 32

What is a theory of cosmic evolution that tells us how the universe has evolved, how it has changed from the beginning to today?

Answer 32

The Big Bang

Question 33

What is the energy source from the sun?

Answer 33

Converts 700 million tons of hydrogen into 695 million tons of helium every second. The other 5 million in converted into energy.

Question 34

What is the winter and summer solstice?

Answer 34

The shortest and longest days of the year

Question 35

What is Helocentrism?

Answer 35

The sun is at the center of the universe

Question 36

Describe Aristotle's model of the universe

Answer 36

He imagined the earth at the center of the universe

Question 37

How did Copernicus change the model of the universe?

Answer 37

He moved the earth form the center of the universe and replaced it with the sun.

Question 38

What did Kepler's calculations show?

Answer 38

The planets travel in elipses around the sun

Question 39

What happens as the planets approached the sun?

Answer 39

They speed up

Question 40

Do we move or do the stars move?

Answer 40

We move

Question 41

What does the Bible tell us?

Answer 41

How to get to heaven, not how the heavens go

Question 42

Why is Galileo considered the first modern scientist?

Answer 42

He documented his observations and he proposed theories

Question 43

If there was a beginning to the universe, what does that mean?

Answer 43

There is going to be an end

Question 44

What is space-time?

Answer 44

A fabric that combines space and time

Question 45

How does space change in the presence of gravity?

Answer 45

It bends/warps space-time

Question 46

What question religion ask?

Answer 46

Why was the universe created

Question 47

What question does science ask?

Answer 47

How was the universe created

Question 48

What is the affect of gravity on light?

Answer 48

It bends light

Question 49

What did Father Lemaitre reason about the universe?

Answer 49

It was born and the universe is expanding

Question 50

What did Hubble say about the movement of galaxies?

Answer 50

They are moving away from each other. The universe is always expanding.

Question 51

If everything came from Hydrogen, then where did the other elements come from?

Answer 51

Hydrogen fuses to form helium and helium and hydrogen fuse to form heavier elements

Question 52

What are the four known forces?

Answer 52

1. Weak Nuclear 2. Strong Nuclear 3. Gravity 4. Electromagnetism

Question 53

What happens as the sun cools?

Answer 53

It expands, turns red, and gets closer to earth

Question 54

What is dark energy?

Answer 54

What we don't see

Question 55

How is dark energy formed?

Answer 55

It is formed at the death of stars

Question 56

What is meant by we are part of the universe and the universe is part of us?

Answer 56

We are formed in the universe, we are made of elements that were formed by the Big Bang from star dust