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Test #2 Flashcards

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0
Q

High levels of ____ can indicate neural tube defect

A

AFP (not performed in first visit)

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1
Q

Explain Naegele’s Rule

A

LMP+7 days+1 year - 3 months

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2
Q

If AFP is too low, it may indicate what?

A

Down’s syndrome

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3
Q

What test is specifically for Down’s syndrome?

A

AFP3

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4
Q

This test is used to corroborate a NTD.

A

Ach-esterase

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5
Q

Ultrasound is most reliable at what week?

A

Week 18

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6
Q

Ultrasound can be used to check for the quantity of what?

A

Amniotic fluid

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7
Q

Amniocentesis can be used to check for what?

A 
Fetal lung maturity
Neural tube defects
Chromosomal disorders
Intrauterine infection
Meconium (discharge from fetal bowels)
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8
Q

This is a test that checks for infection.

A

Group B strep test. Tests for strep-b in vagina & rectum

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9
Q

This is a protein found on outside of RBC’s

A

Rh factor

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10
Q

Tay-Sachs disease is assoc. w/ a deficiency of what enzyme?

A

Hexosaminidase A

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11
Q

This test evaluates for Down’s, Tay Sachs, Hemophilia, but NOT neural tube defect

A

Chorionic Villi Sampling (DVS)

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12
Q

What are charac. assoc. w/ a threatened abortion?

A

Painless bloody vaginal discharge or frank vaginal bleeding
Occurs during 1st trimester
No cervical dilation
Membranes are intact

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13
Q

Expulsion of all the products of conception before 20wks gestation is called what?

A

Complete abortion

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14
Q

Expulsion months after death of embryo

A

Missed spontaneous abortion

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15
Q

Softening of the cervix is what sign?

A

Goodell’s sign

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16
Q

Softening of the anterior uterus is what sign?

A

Landin sign

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17
Q

Widening of the softened area of the isthmus is what sign?

A

Hegar’s sign

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18
Q

Fundus flexing easily on the cervix is what sign?

A

McDonald’s sign

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19
Q

Fullness & softening of the fundus near the implantation site is what sign?

A

Braun Von Fernwald’s Sign

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20
Q

Bluish discoloration of cervix, vagina, & vulvus

A

Chadwick’s sign

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21
Q

What breast changes occur during prenancy?

A 
Size increase after 2nd month
Tenderness
Venous prominence (TQ)
Enlargement & darkening of nipples & areolae (TQ)
Possible colostrum expression by 12th wk
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22
Q

What CV changes occur during pregnancy?

A

Renal (25%) & uterine blood flow (200%) increase

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23
Q

What skin changes occur during pregnancy?

A 
Linea nigra (darkening of the linea alba)
Mask of preg./cholasma - uniform or spotty darkening on face
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24
What metabolic changes occur during pregnancy?
Basal body temp increase | Weight gain 25-30lbs
25
What NMS changes occur during pregnancy?
Center of gravity changes Pelvis moves into flexion NR pain -> sciatica
26
This is the maternal physiological changes the pt experiences or notices & may indicate to her that she is preggo
Presumptive s/s
27
What are presumptive s/s that may indicate preg.?
Colostrum secretion | Quickening (feeling of fetal movement)
28
These are presumptive signs that are observable by the care provider
Probable signs
29
What are Probable signs observed by the care provider?
Chadwick's sign Goodell's sign Ladin's sign
30
What Positive signs are seen in preg.?
Fetal heart tone | Fetal ultrasound
31
What trimester does morning sickness usually resolve?
2nd trimester
32
This can be assoc. w/ preeclampsia, diabetes. Usually extends past 1st trimester
Hyperemesis Gravidarum (Severe morning sickness)
33
What is an etiology for morning sickness?
Elevated hCG levels
34
What is Inf. Vena Cava Syndrome?
Supine position allows enlarging uterus to compress IVC, which can significantly reduce venous return to heart
35
Itching w/o skin changes usually on torso & arms. Most likely d/t increase in liver function & bilirubin levels
Pruritus Gravidarum
36
This is d/t traction of the growing fetus & uterus. Unilateral or bilateral lower abdominal pain. Movements may produce groin pain.
Round Lig. Syndrome
37
These medications have been assoc. w/ birth defects. Especially contraindicated in 1st trimester.
Decongestants
38
These medications may bind iron in the GI tract & contribute to iron deficiency anemia
Laxatives & antacids
39
This antibiotic is assoc. w/ CN VIII damage & hearing problems
Streptomycin
40
This antibiotic can cause hypoplasia of tooth enamel
Tetracycline
41
This mineral can cause an increased risk of cerebral atrophy & mental retardation
Mercury
42
What is one charac. assoc. w/ fetal alcohol sydrome?
Low birth weight
43
What is the greatest cause of preventable premature labor?
Tobacco
44
This mineral helps w/ fetal lung development & helps prevent pre-eclampsia & prematurity
Zinc
45
This vitamin helps prevent fetal brain hemorrhaging & increases clotting factor
Vit. K
46
This nutrient helps w/ development of CNS
Omega 3 FA
47
This is a viable ovum that is fertilized by 2 sperm
Partial Hydatidiform Mole
48
This is an unviable, empty ovum or non-functional ovum that is fertilized by a viable sperm. Also will develop an abnormal placenta
Complete Hydatidiform Mole
49
What is the mainstay tx for a gestational trophoblastic tumor?
Chemotherapy
50
Placental site tumors are assoc. w/ what type of pregnancy?
Normal pregnancy
51
This is implantation of a fertilized ovum outside the uterine cavity
Ectopic pregnancy
52
Ectopic pregnancies that occur in the Fallopian tube typically occur in what part?
Ampulla
53
How are hCG levels affected by an ectopic pregnancy?
They don't rise as quickly as a normal pregn.
54
Pseudocyesis is AKA?
False pregnancy
55
This is defined as spontaneous rupture of membranes before the onset of labor at any stage of gestation
Premature Rupture of the Membranes
56
What sign is assoc. w/ Premature Rupture of the Membranes?
Increase in vaginal fluid discharge when performing Valsalva Maneuver
57
Premature separation of the placenta from site of uterine implantation before delivery of fetus
Abrutio Placenta
58
Where is the common site of implantation in the uterus?
Anterior, inferior uterus in proximity to cervix
59
Malformation of placenta in which placenta folds in on itself
Circumvallate Placenta
60
Placenta in which the umbilical cord develops at the edge
Battledore Placenta
61
Abnormal attachment of placenta into the superficial aspect of uterine myometrium
Placenta Accreta
62
A layer of fibrin b/w the boundary zone of the endometrium & the placenta
Nitabuch's Layer
63
Placental invasion partially through the myometrium
Placenta Increta
64
Placental invasion through to the uterine serosa
Placenta Percreta
65
Presentation of gestational edema, proteinuria, & HTN plus grand mal seizures
Eclampsia
66
A highly morbid variant of pre-eclampsia & eclampsia. Usually presents in multiparous females at <36 wks gestation.
HELLP Syndrome Hemolysis of RBCs Elevated Liver enzymes Low Platelets
67
Defined as a cervix which painlessly dilates during the 2nd or 3rd trimester causing premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) contributing to premature delivery
Incompetent/Insufficient Cervix
68
Lat. femoral cutaneous nerve compression as it passes beneath the inguinal lig.
Meralgia Paresthetica
69
Compression of intercostal nerves
Intercostal neuralgia
70
Compression of CN VII/Facial nerve w/i the temporal bone
Bell's Palsy
71
Motor & sensory deficits of L5-S1 nerve roots after labor
Traumatic Neuritis
72
What measurements are assoc. w/ the pelvic inlet?
True Conjugate/Anatomic Conjugate (TQ) Obstetric Conjugate (TQ) Transverse diameter L/R oblique diameter (TQ)
73
What measurements are assoc. w/ the pelvic outlet?
Anatomic A-P diameter Obstetric A-P diameter (TQ) Transverse/Bituberous diameter Pos. Sagittal diameter
74
A round pelvic inlet is called what? It is ideal for delivery of fetus
Gynecoid
75
A typical male pelvis is what shape?
Android (Triangular)
76
A pelvis that has a short A-P diameter & wide transverse diameter, oval shaped inlet is called what?
Platypelloid (oval, transverse shape)

OB/GYN (3 decks)

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