Test 2: Exam Edge

Question 1

What type of osteoporosis can occur at any age?

Answer 1

Secondary osteoporosis

Question 2

In a T-score, what is the average score called?

Answer 2

Mean

Question 3

Primary osteoporosis is most commonly found in what gender?

Answer 3

Female

Question 4

What does BMD stand for?

Answer 4

Bone Mineral Density

Question 5

Bone density tests help do which of the following? (Detect osteopenia, Confirm an osteoporosis diagnosis, Determine the bone loss rate)

Answer 5

All of the above

Question 6

The ulna is found where?

Answer 6

Forearm

Question 7

ALARA is associated with what?

Answer 7

Radiation safety

Question 8

What is the correct description for the standard deviation of osteoporosis according to WHO?

Answer 8

T-score of -2.5 SD or lower

Question 9

What type of osteoporosis is the most common?

Answer 9

Primary osteoporosis

Question 10

What is an osteoblast?

Answer 10

Cells that form new bone

Question 11

What region of the vertebral column has 12 vertebrae?

Answer 11

Thoracic

Question 12

How many metacarpals are in each hand?

Answer 12

5

Question 13

What is the only bone found in the thigh region?

Answer 13

Femur

Question 14

T or F: Osteoporosis is affected by hormone levels.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

What bone has the function of holding the trachea open?

Answer 15

Hyoid

Question 16

Tor F: There is generally no symptoms in early stage bone loss.

Answer 16

True

Question 17

In regards to patient learning, assessing the data is associated with what?

Answer 17

Having the patient record information at home so that it can be used for the next medical visit

Question 18

What is not a major principle that is used to help with maintaining radiation doses?

Answer 18

Outside environment

Question 19

What type of osteoporosis causes bone to break for no clear reason?

Answer 19

Osteogenesis imperfecta osteoporosis

Question 20

T or F: Mass calculation is fan beams can have systematic error.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

What type of detector does the pencil beam use?

Answer 21

Single

Question 22

Why is a collimated beam used?

Answer 22

So the beam will not diverge or converge

Question 23

What can cause the intervertebral spaces to obscure on a DXA lumbar spine?

Answer 23

Degenerative diseases

Question 24

A DPA (Dual Photon Absorptiometry) scan can be affected by what?

Answer 24

A patient’s inability to stay in the correct position

Question 25

One type of disorder category or disease process that is known to impact the skeletal system and is an underlying cause of secondary osteoporosis is:

Answer 25

Endocrine disorders

Question 26

What best describes the rationale for the technologist avoiding the adjustment of the bone edges during a DEXA scan?

Answer 26

Reproduction may not be possible at follow up

Question 27

T or F: A fan beam has a short scan time.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

What is not a primary risk factor for osteoporosis?

Answer 28

Asian descent

Question 29

Aortic calcifications results in:

Answer 29

Calcium in the aorta

Question 30

There are how many DXA scanning devices?

Answer 30

2, Central & Peripheral

Question 31

Estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) increases bone density in what area of the body?

Answer 31

The spine

Question 32

What beam performs multiple passes?

Answer 32

Narrow angle fan beam

Question 33

If a problem occurs with the DXA scan, the information should be documented properly where?

Answer 33

The ISIS Data Capture Screen & The Unusual Field Occurance Form

Question 34

What term is associated with planned and systematic activities that are used to ensure quality requirements are fulfilled?

Answer 34

Quality assurance

Question 35

Biochemical markers detects:

Answer 35

Bone resorption

Question 36

How many ways are used to calibrate equipment?

Answer 36

2, Internal & External

Question 37

Radiology equipment can measure what?

Answer 37

Reduction of intensity

Question 38

What can help with quality control tests? (Mesh patterns, Timing tools, Test phantoms)

Answer 38

All of the above

Question 39

What is classified as the weight bearing vertebrae of the skeleton?

Answer 39

Lumbar

Question 40

What beams have a beam collimation?

Answer 40

Pencil beam & Fan beam

Question 41

If a quality control test has not been completed in the correct time period on a DXA machine, it will do what?

Answer 41

Display a notification message

Question 42

DXA examines what type of health?

Answer 42

Bone health

Question 43

T or F: The lumbar spine has large vertebrae.

Answer 43

True

Question 44

T or F: The lumbar vertebrae are flexible.

Answer 44

True

Question 45

What type of scoliosis is caused by abnormal muscles and nerves that affect lumbar spine scans?

Answer 45

Neuromuscular scoliosis

Question 46

What type of spine is connected to the top of the lumbar spine?

Answer 46

Thoracic spine

Question 47

How many bone processes are found in the lumbar vertebrae?

Answer 47

7

Question 48

A T-score of -1.5 means what?

Answer 48

Osteopenia

Question 49

T or F: Spinal cord damage and/or paralysis is rare in the lower back.

Answer 49

True

Question 50

In the lumbar spine, which vertebrae bears the most weight?

Answer 50

L4-L4 &L5-S1

Question 51

The lumbar supports the weight of what?

Answer 51

The body’s whole torso

Question 52

The lumbar spine refers to what?

Answer 52

Lower back

Question 53

The lumbar spine curves in what direction?

Answer 53

Inward

Question 54

What is adjacent to the lumbar spine? (Jaw, Ribs, Ankle, Brain)

Answer 54

Ribs

Question 55

Of the following, which are prone to the most degradation and injury? (C1-C2, L1-L2, L4-L5, T8-T9)

Answer 55

L4-L5

Question 56

What should the patient put on to ensure that the scan will not be disrupted by external materials?

Answer 56

Gown

Question 57

T or F: The femur is considered to the heaviest, strongest, and longest bone in the human body?

Answer 57

True

Question 58

The femoral shaft that appears in the scanned image needs to extend by a minimum of _______ under lesser trochanter.

Answer 58

1cm

Question 59

What layer of the femur is dense and ridged bone?

Answer 59

Compact bone

Question 60

The gluteus medius attaches to what?

Answer 60

Greater trochanter

Question 61

A patient has little space between the ischium and femoral neck. Initial repositioning does not fix scanning problem, what should be done?

Answer 61

Over abduct the leg

Question 62

The femur is also known as what?

Answer 62

Thigh bone

Question 63

The femur can move how?

Answer 63

In almost any direction at the hip

Question 64

A patient is known to have scoliosis. Which leg should be scanned?

Answer 64

Convexity side

Question 65

T or F: T-scores and Z-scores are similar but calculated differently.

Answer 65

True

Question 66

After having a DXA scan of the forearm, the patient’s T-score is -0.5. What is the correct diagnosis?

Answer 66

Normal

Question 67

How are patients positioned for DXA scans of the forearm?

Answer 67

The patient is positioned next to the machine

Question 68

The upper part of the radius shaft has a rough projection known as what?

Answer 68

Radial tuberosity

Question 69

What does PHPT stand for?

Answer 69

Primary hyperparathyroidism

Question 70

T or F: The ulna is the inner bone of the forearm.

Answer 70

True

Question 71

What is the function of the ulna?

Answer 71

To allow motion and support to the arm

Question 72

The radius provides what?

Answer 72

Motion to the arm

Question 73

The ulna extends from where?

Answer 73

The elbow to the wrist

Question 74

Where is the trochlear notch found?

Answer 74

Proximal end of the ulna

Question 75

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) can be found where through the DXA scan?

Answer 75

Distal forearm