Test 4: Exam Edge

Question 1

The bones of the inferior and anterior portion of the skull are known as what?

Answer 1

Facial bones

Question 2

The patella is also known as what?

Answer 2

Knee cap

Question 3

Bone densitometry scans that are spread months apart to calculate the changes in bone density is called:

Answer 3

Serial scans

Question 4

VFAs use that type of radiation modality?

Answer 4

DEXA

Question 5

One way a precision error occurs:

Answer 5

The technologist

Question 6

What is a type of dual-energy x-ray technology is used in DXA?

Answer 6

Central device

Question 7

Information gained from the FRAX is used for what?

Answer 7

To determine a type of treatment

Question 8

What type of osteoporosis occurs because of medical conditions like leukemia or hyperthyroidism?

Answer 8

Secondary osteoporosis

Question 9

What best represents the purpose of a phantom?

Answer 9

To evaluate the accuracy of a machine

Question 10

A living-will is often:

Answer 10

Kept as a permanent document in the medical record

Question 11

There are how many pairs or ribs in the human body?

Answer 11

12

Question 12

One of the two approaches to distinguish between soft tissue is:

Answer 12

K-edge filter mechanism

Question 13

T or F: High thyroid hormone levels increase bone loss.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

What can cause the intervertebral spaces to be obscured on a lumbar DXA scan?

Answer 14

Degenerative disease

Question 15

The Centers of Medicare & Medicaid outlines that bone density measurement is covered every 24 months if:

Answer 15

One skeletal site is using one technique is performed

Question 16

Which of the following is a factor used to determine if a bone will likely break after a fall? (The fall itself, How fragile, or Direction/Force of fall)

Answer 16

All of the above

Question 17

Osteoblasts are a signal to begin work from what?

Answer 17

Blood

Question 18

The sternum is found in what main bone division of the body?

Answer 18

Axial skeleton

Question 19

What is the most common validated technique that is used to measure BMD?

Answer 19

DEXA

Question 20

The pectoral girdle connects what?

Answer 20

The upper limb to the axial skeleton

Question 21

The bone remodeling cycle is regulated by what?

Answer 21

Osteoblasts & Osteoclasts

Question 22

Long bones have how many types of marrow in them that are used for blood production?

Answer 22

2

Question 23

For DEXA, the purpose of backing up data and storing it for future retrieval is:

Answer 23

To assist with rebuilding a computer database

Question 24

There are how many types of osteoporosis?

Answer 24

4

Question 25

Pencil beams are used to create what?

Answer 25

An image

Question 26

What is associated with the volumetric density of CaHA in biological tissues?

Answer 26

BMD

Question 27

What type of beam was created to beat the limitations of the fan beam geometry?

Answer 27

Narrow fan beam

Question 28

What does DEXA do?

Answer 28

Measures the absorption of x-rays at two different energies

Question 29

What type of DXA calibration can be skewed by tissue anomalies in the scan?

Answer 29

Empirical

Question 30

A narrow fan beam is considered. ________ in size.

Answer 30

Small

Question 31

Radiology equipment can do what?

Answer 31

Measure reduction of intensity

Question 32

Which of the following has a beam collimator? (K-edge, Pencil, or Fan)

Answer 32

Pencil & Fan

Question 33

After the initial scan, what is the next type of exam in a DXA?

Answer 33

Femur scan

Question 34

Quality assurance is:

Answer 34

Systematic & planned actions

Question 35

In the area being measured by a narrow fan beam, the photon flux has what?

Answer 35

A small level of variability

Question 36

Who can conduct DXAs?

Answer 36

Radiologic Technologist

Question 37

If a problem occurs with the DXA scan, the information should be documented properly where?

Answer 37

In the ISIS Data Capture Screen & the Unusual Field Occurrence Form

Question 38

AECs are constructed of what?

Answer 38

A set of x-ray detectors

Question 39

What term is associated with specific and deliberated actions that are created to ensure measurable aspects of a product within their specified limits?

Answer 39

Quality control

Question 40

ALARA is based off the relationship known as what?

Answer 40

Linear hypothesis

Question 41

Which vertebrae is meant to bear weight?

Answer 41

Lumbar vertebrae

Question 42

Are pedicles considered strong or weak?

Answer 42

Strong

Question 43

What is used as a positioning aid in DXA lumbar spine scans?

Answer 43

Leg blocks

Question 44

A T-score shows variations of an average healthy adult of what age?

Answer 44

30

Question 45

T or F: Spinal cord damage and/or paralysis is rare in the lower back.

Answer 45

True

Question 46

The spinal cord on the vertebrae is considered to be what?

Answer 46

Hollow

Question 47

The lumbosacral joint connects to what?

Answer 47

L5-S1

Question 48

A Z-score of -0.13 is related to what percentile?

Answer 48

45th percentile

Question 49

The lumbar spine refers to what?

Answer 49

Lower back

Question 50

T-scores are based on what?

Answer 50

Standard deviations

Question 51

Which of the following is NOT a type of scoliosis? (Neuromuscular, Degenerative, Idiopathic, Generative)

Answer 51

Generative

Question 52

How many functional muscle groups govern the lumbar spine?

Answer 52

4

Question 53

What T-score range means osteoporosis?

Answer 53

-2.5 or lower

Question 54

T-score of -2.4 means what?

Answer 54

Osteopenia

Question 55

A DXA scan of the forearm can cause what?

Answer 55

Cancer from radiation exposure

Question 56

Kyphosis can be caused by all of the following, EXCEPT: (Syndromes, Diabetes, Cancer treatments, Cancer)

Answer 56

Diabetes

Question 57

Which forearm bone is the longest?

Answer 57

Ulna

Question 58

A DXA of the forearm is considered what?

Answer 58

Non-invasive

Question 59

The radius is considered what?

Answer 59

Long & curved

Question 60

Which forearm bone is inner of the bones when the arm is viewed palm facing forward?

Answer 60

Ulna

Question 61

Kyphosis causes what?

Answer 61

A forward rounding of the spine

Question 62

What is a reason that a DXA scan of the forearm maybe ordered for a patient?

Answer 62

Checking for fractured bones after a minor fall

Question 63

In a forearm DXA scan, at which point does the distal region begin?

Answer 63

8mm separation point

Question 64

The arm is divided into how many regions?

Answer 64

2

Question 65

Which bone is the shortest in the forearm?

Answer 65

Radius

Question 66

What area above the greater trochanter is examined?

Answer 66

2-3cm

Question 67

Which ROI in a Femur scan needs to be verified as part of the image analysis?

Answer 67

Total hip and femoral neck

Question 68

What is considered NOT a reason that the femur neck angle varies?

Answer 68

The patient’s race

Question 69

What region of the neck of the femur, is where three trabecular bundles intersect?

Answer 69

Ward’s region

Question 70

What describes the head of the femur?

Answer 70

Spherical

Question 71

In a proximal DXA scan, the lesser trochanter must what?

Answer 71

Not be prominent

Question 72

Blood supply enters the femur through where?

Answer 72

Metaphyseal arteries

Question 73

When looking at a cross-section of the femur, what layer is considered the outside skin of the bone?

Answer 73

Periosteum

Question 74

What position should the patient be in during a DXA of the proximal femur?

Answer 74

Supine