test 3

Question 1

(7) how does post- modern architecture differ from the international style of architecture?

Answer 1

• international style unity, anonymity and simplicity
• post modern- complexity and fun, calls upon historical memories and local context, exploited vernacular
• return in wit, ornament and reference

Question 2

7. when did post modern architecture begin and then become its own style of architecture?

Answer 2

• started as international style in 1950’s

- became own style in 1970s

Question 3

7. the term “neo-eclectic” is often used to describe post- modern architecture. what does this term mean?

Answer 3

-return of reference and ornament to building facades

Question 4

7. Post modern architecture is said to reject the “rigid rules” of modern architecture. what does this mean?

Answer 4

• reject minimalism, true use of materials and absence or ornament
• rejected functionalism

Question 5

7. post modern architecture is said to have revived some classical elements of architecture . what does this mean?

Answer 5

• revival of columns and other pre modern elements; adapt greek and roman influence
• facades of beaux- arts style and art deco periods
• place contradictory quotes of previous building styles besides eachother
• incorp. furniture stylistic references at huge scale

Question 6

7. what do the terms “anthropomorphism” and “double coding” mean in post modern architecture?

Answer 6

double coding: convey meanings simultaneously

anthropomorphism: giving human like characteristics to objects

Question 7

8. what is meant by the term “Contemporary pluralism”

Answer 7

• variety of architectural styles seen today

- includes modernism, rationlism & functionalism, brutalism, historicism, deconstructivism and expressionism

Question 8

8. what is meant by the terms “deconstructivism” and “expressionism”

Answer 8

deconstructivism: architecture that explores the aesthetics of incomplete construction or breaks a building up into its various component parts
expressionism: non- functional, emotional or aesthetic statement of building or not rationalism, functionalism

Question 9

8. who is considered to be the most prominent Deconstructivist architect? what is an example of his work?

Answer 9

Frank Gehry

-Gehry House, Santa Monica

Question 10

8. who are 2 other architects known for “deconstructivism” and “expressionism” architecture in toronto?

Answer 10

Daniel Libeskind; jewish museum, ROM

Santiago Calatrava : Turning torso,

Question 11

8. what 3 elements are said to define Canadian architecture ?

Answer 11

-bland homogeneity
-deconstructivism
-expressionism
defined by:
-human scale
-material warmth
-connection to site

Question 12

8. what are 3 examples of Canadian Architecture based on the 3 elements?

Answer 12

1. The Bilbao Effect ex Libeskind and the Rom
2. Gehry Art Gallery
3. Cardinal, St Marys roman catholic church
4. Erikson; UBC campus

Question 13

9. What is meant by the term sustainability?

Answer 13

• responsible management of the earths resources today in order to ensure that they are available for future generations
• concerned with health of society and the natural env’t

Question 14

9. How can architects and planners have an influence on sustainability?

Answer 14

-‘built form’ contributes greatly to the over consumption of earths resources ; can make sustainable designs

Question 15

9. How did the modern era of architecture impact the natural env’t and natural resources?

Answer 15

• mans activities moved indoors creating need for energy ex lighting, air conditioning, heating ventilation
• consume 70% of nations electricity , 50% carbon dioxide emissions
• waste of irreplaceable resources and mass pollution

Question 16

9. Where and when were “Green Design” standards first introduced in the US?

Answer 16

Seattle Washington, 2000

Question 17

9. What is meant by the term “Eco Features” in the construction of new buildings?

Answer 17

-low- slow toilets, solar panels and day lighting, floods building interiors with natural light to reduce electricity use

Question 18

10. what does the acronym LEED stand for and what is it?

Answer 18

Leadship in Energy and Environmental Design

-rating system to implement their green design stds programs

Question 19

10. in what year and by what group was the LEED system introduced?

Answer 19

1993 through American Natural Resources Defence Council

Question 20

10. How many major categories are included in LEED and what are they?

Answer 20

8;

1. location and planning
2. sustainable sites
3. water efficiency
4. energy and atms
5. materials and resources
6. indoor env’tal quality
7. innovation and design process
8. regional priority

Question 21

10. What are the 4 certification categories for LEED ?

Answer 21

certified 40-49 pts
silver 50-59 pts
gold 60-79 pts
platinum -80 +

Question 22

10. How many total points are possible in the LEED rating system?

Answer 22

100 base points
6 for innovation i design
4 regional priority

Question 23

describe 2 criticisms of the LEED system?

Answer 23

• higher initial cost
• inequitable ; same rating for feature for every project
• certification $$$

Question 24

Describe 2 benefits of the LEED system?

Answer 24

• use resources more efficiently

- create healthier env’t for employees and home owners