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test 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

how many bones in foot

A

26

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2
Q

how many phalanges

A

14

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3
Q

purpose of first metatarsal

A

primary weight bearer

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4
Q

how many metatarsals

A

5

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5
Q

how many tarsals

A

7

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6
Q

arch functions

A

supporting body weight absorbing shock providing space for vessels nerves and muscles

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7
Q

What are the 4 arches

A

anterior metatarsal
transverse
medial longitudinal
lateral longitudinal

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8
Q

anterior metatarsal is toward

A

front of foot

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9
Q

transverse arch

A

across middle

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10
Q

medial longitudinal

A

inside of foot

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11
Q

lateral longitudinal

A

outside of foot

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12
Q

What does the plantar fascia do

A

supports foot from downward pressure

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13
Q

heel contustion

A

sudden stop and go or change from horizontal to vertical movement

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14
Q

pes planus

A

flat or fallen medial longitudinal arch

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15
Q

pes cavus

A

high arch higher than normal medial longitudinal arch accompanies excessive supination

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16
Q

plantar fasciitis

A

general heel pain poor running technique length discrepancy tight calves in correct shoes catch all for foot pain

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17
Q

jones fracture

A

fracture of disphysis atbase of 5th metatarsal most common acute fracture

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18
Q

march fracture

A

over use chronic 2nd metatarsal caused by structural deformities training errors bad shoes

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19
Q

turf toe

A

sprain due to hyperextension of mtp joint of great toe acute or overuse

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20
Q

subungal hematoma

A

blood under toenail blunt force to toe repetative shearing force

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21
Q

metatarsal arch strain

A

hypermobility of metatarsals

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22
Q

What is a specific symptom of pes cavus

A

excessive supination

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23
Q

Which fracture takes longer to heal

A

jones fracture

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24
Q

How to treat a subungual hematoma

A

nail drill ice elevation release pressure

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25
How to treat an ingrown toenail
trim nails correctly soak in warm water cut a v and insert cotton underneath the nail to lift it up
26
2 bones of lower leg
tibia main weight bearing bone shin bone fibula attachment point outside of leg
27
Which bone forms the link between ankle and lower leg
talus
28
medial ankle deltoid ligament
strongest ligements in the body
29
anterior compartment
dorsiflexion
30
superficial posterior
plantar flexion
31
lateral compartment
eversion
32
deep posterior compartment
inversion
33
Lateral ankle sprain
plantar flexion combined with inversion and adduction
34
Medial ankle sprain
forced eversion not common
35
Syndesomtic ankle sprain
forced dorsiflexion and external rotation may be combined with medial or lateral sprain
36
Achilles tendonitis – most commonly seen in what sports?
gradual onset inflammation of tendon/sheath due to excessive forces placed on it seen in running and jumping sports temporary thickening of of tendon
37
Achilles tendon rupture
sudden push off action with full knee extension
38
Medial tibial stress fracture
shin splints repetitive microtruama catch all for shin pain 4 grades after activity before and after before after and during constant
39
Compartment syndrome (acute and chronic)
acute getting kicked after excessive exercise medical emergency chronic tissue pressure increase during activity and stays after
40
Ankle dislocation
direct truama plant and rotation includes avulsion fracture
41
shin contusion
direct blow absences of muscle or fat padding
42
Which ankle sprain is more common
Lateral ankle sprain
43
Which ankle sprain takes longest to heal
Syndesomtic ankle sprain
44
Specific sign of Achilles tendon rupture
indentation bump
45
largest bone in body
femur
46
patella
largest sesmoid "floating" bone
47
menisci uses
deepens articulation cushions joint maintains spacing aids in stability
48
medical menisci is
c shaped
49
lateral menisci is
o shaped
50
acl prevents
post translation of femur on tibia prevent femur from going backwards on tibia
51
pcl
strong of the two prevents femur from going to far forward
52
mcl
prevents valgus force
53
lcl
prevents varus force
54
knee flexion muscles
hamstrings bicep femoris semitendinosus semimembranos
55
extension of knee
quads rectus femoris vastus lateralis vastus medialis vastus intermedius
56
Genu valgum
knock kneed
57
genu verum
bow legged
58
genu recurvatum
hyperextension
59
What bones make up the pelvic girdle
sacrum coccyx 2 innominates (hip bones) ilium ischium pubis
60
functions of pelvic girdle
support spine and trunk transfer weight to low extremitys protect organs attachment point for musculature
61
2 most common bursa in the hip
illiopsoas deep trochanteric
62
How do you treat a quad contusion
ice with knee flexion
63
Which is most common thigh injury
hamstring strain
64
Femoral fractures occur to which part
middle 1/3 of shaft or neck
65
mcl sprain
valgus force or outside rotation
66
acl sprain
external rotation combined with valgus force
67
pcl sprain
fall on force on bent knee
68
Meniscus tear
two types bucket handle or parrot break rotary force during weight bearing or flexed position
69
Patellar bursitits
continue kneeling direct blow or overuse
70
patellar dislocation
internal rotation of thigh combined iwth external rotation of lower leg
71
Chondromalacia
softening and roughening of the underside of the patella
72
patellar tendinitis
jumping running kicking
73
it band friction
overuse structural abnormalities of foot and lower leg running on crowned surface
74
Quad contusion
blunt blow to relaxed muscle compresses muscle against femur 4 grades depending on rom
75
Quad strain
sudden stretch or contraction fall on bent knee jump in volleyball or soccor
76
Hamstring strain
strength should be 60-70 percent of the quads reoccurance due to scar tissue formations
77
Femoral fracture
falling from a height direct blow acute chronic overuse downhill running jumping more common in females
78
Myositis ossificans
repeated hits cause extra bone
79
Trochanteric bursitis
inflammation of trochanteric bursa insertion of gluteus medius or it band evaluate biomechanics and footwear
80
Dislocated hip
trumatic force along long axis of femur medical emergency
81
Snapping hip
imbalance of muscle around hip common in young females who need great rom
82
hip pointer
blow to iliac crest creates pain in abdominal and hip muscles that attaches

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