Test 3 Review

Question 0

Drains the back of the head

Answer 0

Vertebral

Question 1

What is the origin of the inferior vena cava?

Answer 1

Right and left common iliac veins

Question 2

Drains the bulk of the head

Answer 2

Internal jugular

Question 3

Drain the superficial skull

Answer 3

External jugular

Question 4

Forms the Brachiocephalic vein

Answer 4

Vertebral, internal jugular and external jugular

Question 5

The right and left Brachiocephalic veins form what?

Answer 5

Superior vena cava

Question 6

What forms the portal vein in the abdomen?

Answer 6

Superior mesenteric vein

Question 7

What drives O2 delivery?

Answer 7

Hydrostatic (push out)

Question 8

What drives CO2 pick up?

Answer 8

Blood colloid osmotic pressure (suck in)

• charged ions of blood

Question 9

The thoracic duct drains:

Answer 9

All but the right arm, right head and right neck

Question 10

The thoracic duct starts at the:

Answer 10

Cisterna chyli

Question 11

The right lymphatic duct drains:

Answer 11

The right head, right arm and right neck

Question 12

The right lymphatic duct drains the:

Answer 12

Right subclavian and the right internal jugular

Question 13

The left lymphatic duct drains the :

Answer 13

Left subclavian and the left internal jugular

Question 14

What signals the start of the classical pathway?

Answer 14

The binding of C3B

Opsinizing

Question 15

How does a complement kill?

Answer 15

Punch holes into pores by MAC (C5- C9)

Question 16

When you get a disease is it natural or acquired? Active or passive?

Answer 16

Natural and active immunity

Question 17

Active immunity means there’s a _____ involves

Answer 17

Antigen

Question 18

Passive immunity means there’s a _____ involved

Answer 18

Antibody

Question 19

Vaccine shot… Active/ passive, natural/acquired?

Answer 19

Acquired and active immunity

Question 20

Rabies active/passive, acquired/natural?

Answer 20

Passive (gives antibody) and acquired

Question 21

Where do antibodies bind top or bottom?

Answer 21

Top

Question 22

The top section of an antibody is called a:

Answer 22

Variable because of antigenic specificity

Question 23

Lymphocytes in the presence of antigen differentiates into plasma cells; additional antigen [Ag] exposure allows differentiation of B memory cells

Answer 23

B class

Question 24

Plasma cells and B memory cells release ___________

Answer 24

Immunoglobulins

Question 25

In mucous membrane lining; transfers in breast milk

Answer 25

IgA

Question 26

One of the earliest AB's found in fetal blood; aids in the differentiation of the Ig classes

Answer 26

IgD

Question 27

1st response; also one of the earliest Ab's found in fetal blood

Answer 27

IgM

Question 28

Responds with allergic reactions

Answer 28

IgE

Question 29

2nd response; transfers across the placenta from mother to child (most common in blood stream)

Answer 29

IgG

Question 30

Leaves bone marrow and differentiates in the thymus (produced with T cyt with Ag present)

Answer 30

T class

Question 31

CD4 aids in the immunological response by coordinating the response of the WBC's, "brain of the immune system"

Answer 31

T helper

Question 32

CD8 (along with t cytotoxic) aids in recognition of "self verses non self", secrete "suppressions" after the initial immune response (mediate organ transfer and rejection)

Answer 32

T suppressor

Question 33

T killer; kills by secreting perforins and lynphotoxins, also kills by initiating "apoptosis" in genes

Answer 33

T cytotoxic

Question 34

Mediates the tine test (and PPD) reaction with TB testing

Answer 34

T delayed hypersensitivity

Question 35

Kills virally infected and abnormal cells

Answer 35

T natural killer

Question 36

T cells kill by:

Answer 36

Chemical dumping

Question 37

Kill by phagocytosis

Answer 37

Neutrophils and macrophages

Question 38

Antibodies develop after exposure to antigen

Answer 38

Active

Question 39

Antibodies are transferred from another source

Answer 39

Passive

Question 40

Through environmental exposure to pathogens

Answer 40

Naturally acquired active immunity

Question 41

Through vaccines containing pathogens

Answer 41

Artificially induced active immunity

Question 42

Antibodies acquired from the mother

Answer 42

Naturally acquired passive immunity

Question 43

By an injection of antibodies

Answer 43

Artificially induced passive immunity

Question 44

1) specificity 2) Versatility 3) memory 4) tolerance

Answer 44

Four properties of immunity

Question 45

Each T or B cell responds only to a specific antigen and ignores all others

Answer 45

Specificity

Question 46

The body produces many types of lymphocytes * each fights a different type of antigen * active lymphocyte clones itself to fight specific antigen

Answer 46

Versatility

Question 47

Some active lymphocytes - stay in circulation - provide immunity against new exposure

Answer 47

Memory

Question 48

Immune system ignores "normal" antigens

Answer 48

Tolerance

Question 49

Outer cortex

Answer 49

B cells (start differentiation)

Question 50

Deep cortex

Answer 50

T cells (start killing of antigen)

Question 51

Medulla

Answer 51

B cells (send signal to immune system)

Question 52

Characteristics of lymphatic capillaries

Answer 52

Unidirectional flow ( simple squamous) 1) start as pokers rather than tubes 2) have larger diameter 3) have thinner walls 4) flat or irregular outline in sectional view

Question 53

Carry lymph from peripheral tissues to lymph nodes

Answer 53

Afferent lymphatics

Question 54

Leave lymph node at Hilum, carry lymph to venous circulation

Answer 54

Efferent lymphatics

Question 55

Antibody already waiting

Answer 55

Classical pathway

Question 56

Never exposed to it before

Answer 56

Alternative pathway

Question 57

1) provides extensive gas exchange surface area between air and circulating blood (delivery of CO2, picking up O2) 2) moves air to and from exchange surfaces of lungs 3) protects respiratory surfaces from outside environment 4) produces sounds 5) participates in olfactory sense

Answer 57

Components of the respiratory system

Question 58

No cartilage

Answer 58

Bronchioles