Test 4

Question 1

What does settlement mean

Answer 1

Settlement refers to where people live. The places where settlements are built and the services (or functions) that settlements provide change over time. The growth of towns and cities (settlement) is called urbanisation

Question 2

Define the term altitude

Answer 2

Altitude refers to the height of a place above sea level. Little settlement occurs in upland areas

Question 3

Define the term aspect

Answer 3

Aspect refers to the direction in which a place is facing. In the northern hemisphere houses usually face the south to catch more sunlight

Question 4

What is drainage

Answer 4

Drainage refers to the natural removal of water from an area. Lots of settlement occurs near rivers

Question 5

Define the term slope

Answer 5

Slope refers to when land is slanted rather than flat. When land is very sloped it is said to be steep.
Settlement usually occurs on low-lying, flat land. Little settlement occurs on slopes. It is difficult to build any type of infrastructure on slopes.

Question 6

What does shelter mean

Answer 6

Shelter is protection from weather by tree’s mountains or other natural features

Question 7

Define the term linear

Answer 7

Linear is when settlement is in a line along a road. It is also called ribbon settlement

Question 8

What is nucleated

Answer 8

This is when settlements are grouped together. It is also called clustered settlement

Question 9

Define the term dispersed

Answer 9

This is when settlements are spread out randomly scattered

Question 10

Define the term urbanisation

Answer 10

Urbanisation is the increase in the number of people living in towns and cities. This causes a growth in the size and number of towns and cities.

Question 11

What are some causes of urbanisation

Answer 11

The Industrial Revolution caused more people to move to cities in search of work in factories. Terraced houses were built for the labours working in nearby factories

Question 12

Name 6 effects of urbanisation

Answer 12

Traffic congestion,urban sprawl,urban decay,crime,pollution,housing

Question 13

Define the term traffic congestion

Answer 13

The movement of people within an urban area on a daily basis can lead to traffic congestion..

Question 14

Who are commuters

Answer 14

Commuters are people who travel to and from work by car, bus or train.

Question 15

Define the term urban sprawl

Answer 15

Urban sprawl is the rapid spread of housing from the cities outwards into the countryside. As a result of this, valuable farmland and green open spaces are taken over by roads and houses.

Question 16

Define the term urban decay

Answer 16

Many places in the city centre are derelict sites. This means they have been abandoned and have fallen into disrepair.

Question 17

What are buses and OBC’s

Answer 17

Buses get to the city faster as they use OBC’s which is also known as the quality bus corridors also known as a bus lane

Question 18

Give me an example of the light rail system

Answer 18

The DART (Dublin area rapid transit) is an example of light rail system

Question 19

Give me an example of the tram system

Answer 19

The lúas is a tram system

Question 20

Name and explain 3 road improvements

Answer 20

Ring roads mean cars don’t have to go through town centres,roundabouts allow traffic to move more freely and traffic lights make junctions safer

Question 21

Define the term primate city

Answer 21

A primate city is a city that is at least twice as big as the second biggest city in the same country. Dublin is a primate city because it is about five times as big as Cork.

Question 22

Define the term nodal point

Answer 22

A nodal point is a location where different routes meet. It is also known as a route focus. These routes can be road networks, rail lines, rivers or canals.

Question 23

Define the term bridging point on a river

Answer 23

A bridging point is a place where it is easiest to cross a large river.

Question 24

Define the term coastal

Answer 24

Sheltered harbours, trade and fishing attracted people to coastal locations.

Question 25

Define the term relief

Answer 25

Relief describes the height, the aspect and the slope of an area.

Question 26

Define the term defence

Answer 26

Defence refers to ways in which people protect themselves from attack.
Castles were often built by the Normans.

Question 27

Name 5 things that affect the situation of settlement

Answer 27

Nodal point, Bridging point on a river, Coastal, Relief, Defence

Question 28

Name 5 things that affect the height for settlement

Answer 28

Altitude, Aspect, Drainage, Slope, Shelter

Question 29

Who were the pre Christian’s

Answer 29

The first settlers who came to Ireland chose sites for: Water,Food,Defence,Communications. They set up cairn

Question 30

Who were the Celtic people

Answer 30

The Celts arrived in Ireland around 500 BCE. They built small farming settlements. They also built Fulacht fias

Question 31

Who were the early Christian’s

Answer 31

Monasteries were built by monks after Saint Patrick brought Christianity to Ireland in the fifth century. They also built holy wells

Question 32

Who were the Vikings

Answer 32

The Vikings came to Ireland from Scandinavia around 800
CE.

Question 33

Who were the Norman’s

Answer 33

The Normans invaded Ireland in the twelfth century.They built great castles along the banks of rivers.

Question 34

What was the plantation

Answer 34

British people came to Ireland and set up towns. They built bawns

Question 35

Explain the term market

Answer 35

Some towns developed as markets for farmers and traders to sell their goods. Eg. Mullingar, Co. Westmeath

Question 36

Explain the term Defence

Answer 36

Some settlements began on an easily defended site such as a river. Eg. Fethard, Co. Tipperary

Question 37

Explain the term Resource

Answer 37

Some towns developed around an area with a natural resource, such as coal. Eg. Navan, Co. Meath (zinc mine)

Question 38

Explain the term Industrial

Answer 38

Some towns have a long association with a particular industry. Today industrial estates provide employment for people. Eg. Douglas, Cork

Question 39

Explain the term Transport

Answer 39

Some towns developed at bridging points because people had to come there to cross the river. All towns today provide transport services for people. Eg. Athlone, Co. Westmeath